1] Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Technology, Pompeu Fabra University, 08018 Barcelona, Spain. [2] ICREA (Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23; 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Technology, Pompeu Fabra University, 08018 Barcelona, Spain.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014 May;15(5):336-45. doi: 10.1038/nrn3709.
The ability to speak two languages often marvels monolinguals, although bilinguals report no difficulties in achieving this feat. Here, we examine how learning and using two languages affect language acquisition and processing as well as various aspects of cognition. We do so by addressing three main questions. First, how do infants who are exposed to two languages acquire them without apparent difficulty? Second, how does language processing differ between monolingual and bilingual adults? Last, what are the collateral effects of bilingualism on the executive control system across the lifespan? Research in all three areas has not only provided some fascinating insights into bilingualism but also revealed new issues related to brain plasticity and language learning.
说两种语言的能力常常让以单一语言为母语的人惊叹不已，尽管双语者在实现这一壮举时并没有报告任何困难。在这里，我们研究了学习和使用两种语言如何影响语言习得和处理以及认知的各个方面。我们通过解决三个主要问题来做到这一点。首先，接触两种语言的婴儿是如何毫不费力地学习它们的？其次，双语成年人的语言处理与单语成年人有何不同？最后，双语对整个生命周期的执行控制系统有什么附带影响？所有这三个领域的研究不仅为人们对双语的理解提供了一些有趣的见解，还揭示了与大脑可塑性和语言学习相关的新问题。
