Reisi Mahnoush, Javadzade Seyed Homamodin, Shahnazi Hossein, Sharifirad Gholamreza, Charkazi Abdolrahman, Moodi Mitra
Departments of Health Education and Promotion, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Public Health Department, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2014 Feb 21;3:23. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.127614. eCollection 2014.
The goal of this study was to determine the association between constructs of the Health Belief Model (HBM) (i.e., perceived susceptibility to health-related problems due to smoking, perceived barriers to non-smoking, perceived benefits of non-smoking, perceived self-efficacy to non-smoking, and cues to action of non-smoking) and cigarette smoking among male pre-college students.
A cross-sectional survey of 382 pre-college students was conducted in Isfahan, in 2010. The method of sampling was systematic randomized and students were selected from eight schools. The instrument was developed by the researchers based on the Health Belief Model. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS.V.18, Chi-square, and independent t-tests.
The mean age of the students was 17.72 ± 0.62 years. Overall 7.2% of the subjects reported having smoked in the past 30 days and 32.7% % of the samples reported ever having smoked in their life time. Results of the t-test showed that there were significant differences in knowledge, perceived susceptibility (P =0.03), benefits (t (246) = -2.51, P =0.01), self-efficacy (P < 0.001), and cues to action (P = 0.007), between smokers and non-smokers.
These results suggested that the constructs of HBM can be incorporated when examining the predictors of cigarette smoking and developing smoking prevention programs among pre-college students. Furthermore, with a better understanding of the factors affecting this complex behavior (cigarette smoking), it can be a useful step to reduce the rate of death, costs, and also improve the community health outcomes.
本研究的目的是确定健康信念模型（HBM）的各个构成要素（即因吸烟导致健康相关问题的感知易感性、戒烟的感知障碍、戒烟的感知益处、戒烟的感知自我效能以及戒烟的行动线索）与大学预科男生吸烟行为之间的关联。
2010年在伊斯法罕对382名大学预科学生进行了横断面调查。抽样方法为系统随机抽样，学生从八所学校中选取。该调查工具由研究人员根据健康信念模型开发。使用SPSS.V.18进行统计分析，采用卡方检验和独立样本t检验。
学生的平均年龄为17.72±0.62岁。总体而言，7.2%的受试者报告在过去30天内吸过烟，32.7%的样本报告一生中曾吸过烟。t检验结果显示，吸烟者和非吸烟者在知识、感知易感性（P =0.03）、益处（t(246)= -2.51，P =0.01）、自我效能（P < 0.001）和行动线索（P = 0.007）方面存在显著差异。
这些结果表明，在研究大学预科学生吸烟行为的预测因素以及制定吸烟预防计划时，可以纳入健康信念模型的构成要素。此外，更好地了解影响这种复杂行为（吸烟）的因素，对于降低死亡率、成本以及改善社区健康状况可能是有益的一步。
