Clinic for Paediatric Nephrology, Hepatology and Metabolic Disorders and Institute for Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Biol Sport. 2013 Dec;30(4):269-73. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1077552. Epub 2013 Nov 25.
Anthropometric characteristics of athletes are considered to be an important determinant of success in sport. The aim of the present study was to compare several anthropometric parameters and subjective characteristics of professional elite triathletes with anthropometric profiles of professional cyclists and sportive students. In total 93 volunteers (21 male and female triathletes, 26 male cyclists and as a control group 46 male and female students) participated in this study. Eight different anthropometric parameters were measured and a five-page questionnaire containing 35 general questions had to be completed. Interestingly, there were no significant differences between the arm span, the lengths of the lower limb and the circumference of waist and hip between male triathletes and cyclists. As expected, the athletes had significantly lower heart rates and lower weights as compared to the controls. Further results showed that male cyclists had a higher BMI, larger thighs and were taller as compared to the male triathletes. The present study could not evaluate specific anthropometric characteristics as predictive factors of performance in elite athletes. Thus, individual successful performance is linked to discipline and talent rather than to a specific anthropometric profile.
运动员的人体测量特征被认为是运动成功的一个重要决定因素。本研究的目的是比较几个人体测量参数和专业精英三项全能运动员的主观特征，与专业自行车运动员和运动学生的人体测量特征。共有 93 名志愿者（21 名男性和女性三项全能运动员、26 名男性自行车运动员和 46 名作为对照组的男性和女性学生）参加了这项研究。测量了 8 个不同的人体测量参数，并填写了一份包含 35 个一般问题的 5 页问卷。有趣的是，男性三项全能运动员和自行车运动员的臂展、下肢长度和腰围、臀围没有显著差异。正如预期的那样，与对照组相比，运动员的心率和体重明显较低。进一步的结果表明，与男性三项全能运动员相比，男性自行车运动员的 BMI 更高，大腿更大，身高更高。本研究无法评估特定的人体测量特征作为精英运动员表现的预测因素。因此，个体的成功表现与纪律和天赋有关，而不是与特定的人体测量特征有关。
