Levesque D L, Arif A A
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Int J Occup Environ Med. 2014 Apr;5(2):72-7.
Migrant farmworkers are prone to several psychosocial stressors.
To investigate the effect of perceived psychosocial factors on pesticide exposure among seasonal migrant Hispanic farmworkers in North Carolina, USA.
A cross-sectional interview survey of 187 seasonal migrant farmworkers of Mexican descent, identified from labor camps located in rural counties in North Carolina, was conducted using nonprobability purposive sampling approach. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between perceived control over the harmful effects of pesticide exposure, lack of social support, and the impact of anxiety on perception of pesticide exposure.
More than 20% (n=39) of farmworkers reported frequent or constant contact with pesticides while working in the fields. More than 68% of farmworkers reported they believe they have control over avoiding harmful effects of pesticide exposure; the odds of pesticide exposure were 55% lower in this group (adjusted OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22-0.91). No significant relationship was observed between farmworkers perception of lack of social support and presence of anxiety with odds of on-field pesticide exposure.
The study results suggest that perception of control is an important predictor of reduced pesticide exposure among seasonal migrant farmworkers.
流动农业工人容易受到多种社会心理压力源的影响。
调查美国北卡罗来纳州季节性流动的西班牙裔农业工人所感知的社会心理因素对农药接触的影响。
采用非概率目的抽样方法，对从北卡罗来纳州农村县的劳改营中识别出的187名墨西哥裔季节性流动农业工人进行横断面访谈调查。使用多变量有序逻辑回归分析来确定对农药接触有害影响的感知控制、社会支持缺乏以及焦虑对农药接触感知的影响之间的关系。
超过20%（n = 39）的农业工人报告在田间工作时经常或持续接触农药。超过68%的农业工人报告他们认为自己能够控制避免农药接触的有害影响；该组农药接触几率降低了55%（调整后的OR：0.45；95%CI：0.22 - 0.91）。未观察到农业工人对社会支持缺乏的感知以及焦虑与田间农药接触几率之间存在显著关系。
研究结果表明，控制感是季节性流动农业工人减少农药接触的重要预测因素。
