Huot Bethany, Yao Jian, Montgomery Beronda L, He Sheng Yang
Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA.
Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA.
Mol Plant. 2014 Aug;7(8):1267-1287. doi: 10.1093/mp/ssu049. Epub 2014 Apr 27.
Growth-defense tradeoffs are thought to occur in plants due to resource restrictions, which demand prioritization towards either growth or defense, depending on external and internal factors. These tradeoffs have profound implications in agriculture and natural ecosystems, as both processes are vital for plant survival, reproduction, and, ultimately, plant fitness. While many of the molecular mechanisms underlying growth and defense tradeoffs remain to be elucidated, hormone crosstalk has emerged as a major player in regulating tradeoffs needed to achieve a balance. In this review, we cover recent advances in understanding growth-defense tradeoffs in plants as well as what is known regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Specifically, we address evidence supporting the growth-defense tradeoff concept, as well as known interactions between defense signaling and growth signaling. Understanding the molecular basis of these tradeoffs in plants should provide a foundation for the development of breeding strategies that optimize the growth-defense balance to maximize crop yield to meet rising global food and biofuel demands.
由于资源限制，植物中被认为会出现生长-防御权衡，这需要根据外部和内部因素优先考虑生长或防御。这些权衡在农业和自然生态系统中具有深远影响，因为这两个过程对植物的生存、繁殖以及最终的植物适应性都至关重要。虽然生长和防御权衡背后的许多分子机制仍有待阐明，但激素相互作用已成为调节实现平衡所需权衡的主要因素。在这篇综述中，我们涵盖了植物生长-防御权衡理解方面的最新进展以及关于潜在分子机制的已知情况。具体而言，我们阐述了支持生长-防御权衡概念的证据以及防御信号和生长信号之间已知的相互作用。了解植物中这些权衡的分子基础应为制定育种策略提供基础，这些策略可优化生长-防御平衡，以最大限度提高作物产量，满足全球不断增长的粮食和生物燃料需求。
