预防损伤训练对青春期女性青少年膝关节力学的影响。
Effect of injury prevention training on knee mechanics in female adolescents during puberty.
作者信息
Otsuki Reiko, Kuramochi Rieko, Fukubayashi Toru
机构信息
Doctoral student, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
Lecturer, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota, Aichi, Japan.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2014 Apr;9(2):149-56.
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: Female adolescents change their landing mechanics during puberty. It is unknown whether implementation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention training reduces the loss of knee control in female athletes during puberty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of injury prevention training on dynamic knee alignment in female basketball players specifically when the knee mechanics were changing during puberty.
METHODS
Sixty female junior high school basketball players participated and were divided into two groups: a training group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 28). The training group underwent an injury prevention program for 6 months, whereas the control group maintained a regular training routine. The knee valgus motion and knee flexion range of motion during a drop vertical jump were measured before and after the training period. The probability of a high knee abduction moment (pKAM) was also evaluated using an ACL injury prediction algorithm.
RESULTS
The knee valgus motion was significantly increased in the control group (p < 0.001), whereas it did not change in the training group (p = 0.64). Similarly, the knee flexion range of motion was significantly decreased in the control group (p < 0.001), whereas it was not changed in the training group (p = 0.55). The pKAM was significantly increased in the control group (p < 0.001), but not in the training group (p = 0.06).
CONCLUSIONS
Implementation of injury prevention training was effective in limiting the loss of knee control in female athletes during puberty. Lowering the risk of ACL injury might be possible in this population.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2b.
目的/背景：女性青少年在青春期会改变其落地力学机制。目前尚不清楚实施前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤预防训练是否能减少青春期女性运动员膝关节控制能力的下降。本研究的目的是评估损伤预防训练对女性篮球运动员动态膝关节对线的影响，特别是在青春期膝关节力学发生变化时。
方法
60名初中女子篮球运动员参与研究，分为两组：训练组（n = 32）和对照组（n = 28）。训练组进行为期6个月的损伤预防计划，而对照组保持常规训练。在训练期前后测量单腿下蹲跳时的膝关节外翻运动和膝关节屈曲活动范围。还使用ACL损伤预测算法评估高膝外展力矩（pKAM）的概率。
结果
对照组膝关节外翻运动显著增加（p < 0.001），而训练组未发生变化（p = 0.64）。同样，对照组膝关节屈曲活动范围显著减小（p < 0.001），而训练组未发生变化（p = 0.55）。对照组pKAM显著增加（p < 0.001），但训练组未增加（p = 0.06）。
结论
实施损伤预防训练可有效限制青春期女性运动员膝关节控制能力的下降。在这一人群中降低ACL损伤风险可能是可行的。
证据级别
2b。
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