Chen Lei, Bell Erin M, Browne Marilyn L, Druschel Charlotte M, Romitti Paul A
Global Patient Safety-Pharmacoepidemiology, Eli Lilly and Company, LCC DP 2638, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA,
Matern Child Health J. 2014 Dec;18(10):2446-55. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1483-2.
We describe patterns of dietary caffeine consumption before and after pregnancy recognition in a cohort of women who recently gave birth. This study included 8,347 mothers of non-malformed liveborn control infants who participated in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study during 1997-2007. Maternal self-reported consumption of beverages (caffeinated coffee, tea, and soda) and chocolate the year before pregnancy was used to estimate caffeine intake. The proportions of prepregnancy caffeine consumption stratified by maternal characteristics are reported. In addition, patterns of reported change in consumption before and after pregnancy were examined by maternal and pregnancy characteristics. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated to assess factors most associated with change in consumption. About 97 % of mothers reported any caffeine consumption (average intake of 129.9 mg/day the year before pregnancy) and soda was the primary source of caffeine. The proportion of mothers reporting dietary caffeine intake of more than 300 mg/day was significantly increased among those who smoked cigarettes or drank alcohol. Most mothers stopped or decreased their caffeinated beverage consumption during pregnancy. Young maternal age and unintended pregnancy were associated with increases in consumption during pregnancy. Dietary caffeine consumption during pregnancy is still common in the US. A high level of caffeine intake was associated with known risk factors for adverse reproductive outcomes. Future studies may improve the maternal caffeine exposure assessment by acquiring additional information regarding the timing and amount of change in caffeine consumption after pregnancy recognition.
我们描述了一组近期分娩的女性在确认怀孕前后的膳食咖啡因摄入量模式。这项研究纳入了8347名非畸形活产对照婴儿的母亲，她们于1997年至2007年期间参与了国家出生缺陷预防研究。通过母亲自我报告怀孕前一年饮用饮料（含咖啡因的咖啡、茶和汽水）及食用巧克力的情况来估算咖啡因摄入量。报告了按母亲特征分层的怀孕前咖啡因摄入量比例。此外，还根据母亲和怀孕特征研究了报告的怀孕前后摄入量变化模式。估算了调整后的患病率比值，以评估与摄入量变化最相关的因素。约97%的母亲报告有任何咖啡因摄入（怀孕前一年平均摄入量为129.9毫克/天），汽水是咖啡因的主要来源。在吸烟或饮酒的母亲中，报告膳食咖啡因摄入量超过300毫克/天的比例显著增加。大多数母亲在怀孕期间停止或减少了含咖啡因饮料的摄入。母亲年龄较小和意外怀孕与怀孕期间摄入量增加有关。在美国，怀孕期间的膳食咖啡因摄入仍然很常见。高咖啡因摄入量与不良生殖结局的已知风险因素相关。未来的研究可能通过获取更多关于确认怀孕后咖啡因摄入量变化的时间和量的信息来改善对母亲咖啡因暴露的评估。
