Decaro Nicola, Crescenzo Giuseppe, Desario Costantina, Cavalli Alessandra, Losurdo Michele, Colaianni Maria Loredana, Ventrella Gianpiero, Rizzi Stefania, Aulicino Stefano, Lucente Maria Stella, Buonavoglia Canio
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
Vaccine. 2014 Jun 24;32(30):3850-3. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.050. Epub 2014 Apr 30.
Canine parvovirus (CPV) modified live virus vaccines are able to infect vaccinated dogs replicating in the bloodstream and enteric mucosa. However, the exact duration and extent of CPV vaccine-induced viremia and fecal shedding are not known. With the aim to fill this gap, 26 dogs were administered two commercial vaccines containing a CPV-2 or CPV-2b strain and monitored for 28 days after vaccination. By using real-time PCR, vaccine-induced viremia and shedding were found to be long lasting for both vaccinal strains. Vaccinal CPV-2b shedding was detected for a shorter period than CPV-2 (12 against 19 mean days) but with greater viral loads, whereas viremia occurred for a longer period (22 against 19 mean days) and with higher titers for CPV-2b. Seroconversion appeared as early as 7 and 14 days post-vaccination for CPV-2b and CPV-2 vaccines, respectively. With no vaccine there was any diagnostic interference using in-clinic or hemagglutination test, since positive results were obtained only by fecal real-time PCR testing. The present study adds new insights into the CPV vaccine persistence in the organism and possible interference with diagnostic tests.
犬细小病毒（CPV）改良活病毒疫苗能够感染接种疫苗的犬只，在血液和肠道黏膜中复制。然而，CPV疫苗诱导的病毒血症和粪便排毒的确切持续时间和程度尚不清楚。为了填补这一空白，给26只犬只接种了两种含有CPV - 2或CPV - 2b毒株的商业疫苗，并在接种后监测28天。通过实时PCR检测发现，两种疫苗毒株诱导的病毒血症和排毒都持续时间较长。检测到CPV - 2b疫苗株的粪便排毒时间比CPV - 2短（平均12天对19天），但病毒载量更高，而CPV - 2b的病毒血症持续时间更长（平均22天对19天）且滴度更高。CPV - 2b和CPV - 2疫苗接种后分别最早在7天和14天出现血清转化。在未接种疫苗的情况下，使用临床检测或血凝试验没有任何诊断干扰，因为仅通过粪便实时PCR检测获得阳性结果。本研究为CPV疫苗在机体中的持久性以及对诊断检测可能产生的干扰提供了新的见解。
