Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, Gatersleben D-06466, Germany.
Yeast Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Gatersleben 06466, Germany.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2014 Apr 24;7:66. doi: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-66. eCollection 2014.
The industrially important yeast Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans is an asexual hemiascomycete phylogenetically very distant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Its unusual metabolic flexibility allows it to use a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources, while being thermotolerant, xerotolerant and osmotolerant.
The sequencing of strain LS3 revealed that the nuclear genome of A. adeninivorans is 11.8 Mb long and consists of four chromosomes with regional centromeres. Its closest sequenced relative is Yarrowia lipolytica, although mean conservation of orthologs is low. With 914 introns within 6116 genes, A. adeninivorans is one of the most intron-rich hemiascomycetes sequenced to date. Several large species-specific families appear to result from multiple rounds of segmental duplications of tandem gene arrays, a novel mechanism not yet described in yeasts. An analysis of the genome and its transcriptome revealed enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as two extracellular tannases (Atan1p and Atan2p) of the tannic-acid catabolic route, and a new pathway for the assimilation of n-butanol via butyric aldehyde and butyric acid.
The high-quality genome of this species that diverged early in Saccharomycotina will allow further fundamental studies on comparative genomics, evolution and phylogenetics. Protein components of different pathways for carbon and nitrogen source utilization were identified, which so far has remained unexplored in yeast, offering clues for further biotechnological developments. In the course of identifying alternative microorganisms for biotechnological interest, A. adeninivorans has already proved its strengthened competitiveness as a promising cell factory for many more applications.
具有重要工业价值的酵母 Blastobotrys (Arxula) adeninivorans 是一种无性半子囊菌，在系统发育上与酿酒酵母非常不同。其不寻常的代谢灵活性使其能够使用广泛的碳源和氮源，同时具有耐热、耐旱和耐渗压的特性。
LS3 菌株的测序表明，A. adeninivorans 的核基因组长 11.8Mb，由四个带有区域着丝粒的染色体组成。其最接近的测序亲缘种是 Yarrowia lipolytica，尽管直系同源物的平均保守性较低。该基因组包含 914 个内含子和 6116 个基因，是迄今为止测序的半子囊菌中内含子最丰富的物种之一。几个大型的物种特异性家族似乎是由串联基因阵列的多次片段重复产生的，这是一种尚未在酵母中描述的新机制。对基因组及其转录组的分析揭示了具有生物技术潜力的酶，例如单宁酸分解途径中的两个细胞外单宁酶（Atan1p 和 Atan2p），以及通过丁酸醛和丁酸同化正丁醇的新途径。
该物种的高质量基因组在 Saccharomycotina 中很早就发生了分化，将允许进一步进行比较基因组学、进化和系统发育学的基础研究。鉴定了不同碳源和氮源利用途径的蛋白质成分，这在酵母中迄今尚未得到探索，为进一步的生物技术发展提供了线索。在鉴定具有生物技术潜力的替代微生物的过程中，A. adeninivorans 已经证明了其作为许多更广泛应用的有前途的细胞工厂的竞争力得到了增强。
