Thalhammer Matthias, Paulitsch Klaus
Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Spital/SMZ-Süd, Kundratstraße 3, 1100, Wien, Österreich,
Neuropsychiatr. 2014;28(3):151-9. doi: 10.1007/s40211-014-0106-x. Epub 2014 May 20.
In psychiatry, burnout is a relevant phenomenon. A large number of individuals is feeling overburdened at work. In contrast to mental disorders, the term 'burnout' is not perceived as stigmatizing, making it therefore easier for afflicted persons to seek help. The term 'burnout syndrome' was mentioned 1974 for the first time in scientific literature. Today, there is a range of partially contradictory definitions and explanations for burnout and the burnout syndrome, respectively. In most studies, burnout is assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which is neither useful for determining the degree of pathology nor for distinguishing burnout from mental disorders such as depression. It is expected that the burnout syndrome will not be used in modern diagnostic classification systems, because of its unclear definition and conceptual contradictions. On these grounds, it appears reasonable to define burnout as long-term professional overload and a noteworthy risk factor for physical diseases and mental disorders.
在精神病学领域，职业倦怠是一个相关现象。大量个体感到工作负担过重。与精神障碍不同，“职业倦怠”一词不被视为带有污名化，因此患病者更容易寻求帮助。“职业倦怠综合征”这一术语于1974年首次在科学文献中被提及。如今，对于职业倦怠和职业倦怠综合征分别存在一系列部分相互矛盾的定义和解释。在大多数研究中，职业倦怠是通过马氏职业倦怠量表来评估的，该量表对于确定病理程度以及区分职业倦怠与抑郁症等精神障碍均无用。由于其定义不明确和概念上的矛盾，预计职业倦怠综合征不会被用于现代诊断分类系统。基于这些理由，将职业倦怠定义为长期的职业过载以及身体疾病和精神障碍的一个显著风险因素似乎是合理的。
