Zuckerman Molly Kathleen, Harper Kristin Nicole, Barrett Ronald, Armelagos George John
Department of Anthropology and Middle Eastern Cultures, Cobb Institute of Archaeology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA;
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Glob Health Action. 2014 May 15;7:23303. doi: 10.3402/gha.v7.23303. eCollection 2014.
The model of epidemiologic transitions has served as a guiding framework for understanding relationships between patterns of human health and disease and economic development for the past several decades. However, epidemiologic transition theory is infrequently employed in epidemiology.
Moving beyond Omran's original formulation, we discuss critiques and modifications of the theory of epidemiologic transitions and highlight some of the ways in which incorporating epidemiologic transition theory can benefit theory and practice in epidemiology.
We focus on two broad contemporary trends in human health that epidemiologic transition theory is useful for conceptualizing: the increased incidence of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs), such as allergic and autoimmune diseases, and the emergence and reemergence of infectious disease.
Situating these trends within epidemiologic transition theory, we explain the rise in CIDs with the hygiene hypothesis and the rise in emerging and reemerging infections with the concept of a third epidemiologic transition.
Contextualizing these trends within epidemiologic transition theory reveals implications for clinical practice, global health policies, and future research within epidemiology.
在过去几十年里，流行病学转变模型一直是理解人类健康与疾病模式和经济发展之间关系的指导框架。然而，流行病学转变理论在流行病学中很少被应用。
超越奥姆兰的原始表述，我们讨论对流行病学转变理论的批评和修正，并强调纳入该理论可在哪些方面使流行病学的理论和实践受益。
我们关注流行病学转变理论有助于概念化的当代人类健康两大广泛趋势：慢性炎症性疾病（如过敏性和自身免疫性疾病）发病率上升，以及传染病的出现和再次出现。
将这些趋势置于流行病学转变理论中，我们用卫生假说解释慢性炎症性疾病的增加，并用第三次流行病学转变的概念解释新出现和再次出现的感染的增加。
将这些趋势置于流行病学转变理论中，揭示了对临床实践、全球卫生政策以及流行病学未来研究的影响。
