Hatemi Peter K
Associate Professor, Political Science, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Fellow, The United States Studies Centre, University of Sydney Pennsylvania State University, 307 Pond Lab, University Park, PA 16802.
Am J Pol Sci. 2013 Oct 1;57(4):987-1007. doi: 10.1111/ajps.12037.
The role of "genes" on political attitudes has gained attention across disciplines. However, person-specific experiences have yet to be incorporated into models that consider genetic influences. Relying on a gene-environment interplay approach, this study explicates how life-events, such as losing one's job or suffering a financial loss, influence economic policy attitudes. The results indicate genetic and environmental variance on support for unions, immigration, capitalism, socialism and property tax is moderated by financial risks. Changes in the magnitude of genetic influences, however, are temporary. After two years, the phenotypic effects of the life events remain on most attitudes, but changes in the sources of individual differences do not. Univariate twin models that estimate the independent contributions of genes and environment on the variation of attitudes appear to provide robust baseline indicators of sources of individual differences. These estimates, however, are not event or day specific. In this way, genetic influences add stability, while environment cues change, and this process is continually updated.
“基因”在政治态度上所起的作用已在各学科中受到关注。然而，特定于个人的经历尚未被纳入考虑基因影响的模型中。本研究采用基因 - 环境相互作用方法，阐述诸如失业或遭受经济损失等生活事件如何影响对经济政策的态度。结果表明，对工会、移民、资本主义、社会主义和财产税的支持方面的基因和环境差异受到金融风险的调节。然而，基因影响程度的变化是暂时的。两年后，生活事件的表型效应在大多数态度上仍然存在，但个体差异来源的变化则不然。估计基因和环境对态度变化的独立贡献的单变量双胞胎模型似乎能提供个体差异来源的可靠基线指标。然而，这些估计并非针对特定事件或日期。通过这种方式，基因影响增加稳定性，而环境线索则发生变化，且这一过程不断更新。
