智能驾驶计划：驾驶模拟器训练可提高健康老年驾驶员的实际驾驶表现。
The drive-wise project: driving simulator training increases real driving performance in healthy older drivers.
机构信息
Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland ; Division of Gerontopsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland ; International Normal Aging and Plasticity Research Centre Zurich Zurich, Schwitzerland.
Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland.
出版信息
Front Aging Neurosci. 2014 May 13;6:85. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00085. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Age-related cognitive decline is often associated with unsafe driving behavior. We hypothesized that 10 active training sessions in a driving simulator increase cognitive and on-road driving performance. In addition, driving simulator training should outperform cognitive training.
METHODS
Ninety-one healthy active drivers (62-87 years) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) a driving simulator training group, (2) an attention training group (vigilance and selective attention), or (3) a control group. The main outcome variables were on-road driving and cognitive performance. Seventy-seven participants (85%) completed the training and were included in the analyses. Training gains were analyzed using a multiple regression analysis with planned orthogonal comparisons.
RESULTS
The driving simulator-training group showed an improvement in on-road driving performance compared to the attention-training group. In addition, both training groups increased cognitive performance compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
Driving simulator training offers the potential to enhance driving skills in older drivers. Compared to the attention training, the simulator training seems to be a more powerful program for increasing older drivers' safety on the road.
背景
与年龄相关的认知能力下降通常与不安全的驾驶行为有关。我们假设，在驾驶模拟器中进行 10 次积极的培训课程可以提高认知和道路驾驶表现。此外，驾驶模拟器培训应该优于认知培训。
方法
91 名健康活跃的驾驶员（62-87 岁）被随机分配到以下三个组之一：（1）驾驶模拟器培训组，（2）注意力培训组（警觉性和选择性注意力），或（3）对照组。主要观察变量是道路驾驶和认知表现。77 名参与者（85%）完成了培训并纳入了分析。使用具有计划正交比较的多元回归分析来分析培训收益。
结果
与注意力培训组相比，驾驶模拟器培训组的道路驾驶表现有所提高。此外，与对照组相比，两个培训组的认知表现都有所提高。
结论
驾驶模拟器培训有可能提高老年驾驶员的驾驶技能。与注意力训练相比，模拟器训练似乎是提高老年驾驶员道路安全的更有效计划。
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