Martirosyan Alina, Schneider Yves-Jacques
Laboratory of Cellular, Nutritional and Toxicological Biochemistry, Institute of Life Sciences (ISV) & UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B1348, Belgium.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 May 28;11(6):5720-50. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110605720.
From the current state-of-the-art, it is clear that nanotechnology applications are expected to bring a range of benefits to the food sector aiming at providing better quality and conservation. In the meantime, a growing number of studies indicate that the exposure to certain engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) has a potential to lead to health complications and that there is a need for further investigations in order to unravel the biological outcomes of nanofood consumption. In the current review, we summarize the existing data on the (potential) use of ENMs in the food industry, information on the toxicity profiles of the commonly applied ENMs, such as metal (oxide) nanoparticles (NPs), address the potential food safety implications and health hazards connected with the consumption of nanofood. A number of health complications connected with the human exposure to ENMs are discussed, demonstrating that there is a real basis for the arisen concern not only connected with the gut health, but also with the potency to lead to systemic toxicity. The toxicological nature of hazard, exposure levels and risk to consumers from nanotechnology-derived food are on the earliest stage of investigation and this review also highlights the major gaps that need further research and regulation.
从当前的技术水平来看，很明显纳米技术应用有望给食品行业带来一系列益处，旨在提供更高的品质和更好的保存效果。与此同时，越来越多的研究表明，接触某些工程纳米材料（ENM）有可能导致健康问题，因此需要进一步开展研究，以弄清楚食用纳米食品的生物学后果。在本综述中，我们总结了关于ENM在食品工业中（潜在）用途的现有数据、常用ENM（如金属（氧化物）纳米颗粒（NP））的毒性概况信息，探讨了与食用纳米食品相关的潜在食品安全影响和健康危害。文中讨论了一些与人类接触ENM相关的健康问题，表明人们所产生的担忧不仅关乎肠道健康，还关乎导致全身毒性的可能性，这是有切实依据的。纳米技术衍生食品对消费者的危害的毒理学性质、接触水平和风险尚处于研究的最初阶段，本综述还突出了需要进一步研究和监管的主要差距。
