[Determination of the desirable epinephrine concentration containing in dental local anesthetics. Comparison between two lidocaine solutions containing 1/80,000 and 1/200,000 epinephrine].

This study is a pilot study to determine the desirable epinephrine concentration containing in dental local anesthetics. Two percent lidocaine solution containing 1/80,000 and 1/200,000 epinephrine were compared in view points of onset and duration of anesthesia and hemodynamic responses after conduction and infiltration anesthesia in oral cavities of six voluntary dental students. Conduction anesthesia to the right inferior alveolar nerve, using 2% lidocaine solution containing 1/80,000 and 1/200,000 epinephrine showed no significant difference in onset and duration of anesthesia, changes in blood pressure and pulse rate. Duration of anesthesia determined by pin prick showed the longest in infiltration anesthesia, using 2% lidocaine solution containing 1/80,000 epinephrine, (103.4 +/- 18.5 min.), and followed by that containing 1/200,000 epinephrine (52.0 +/- 13.0 min.) and that excluding epinephrine (23.0 +/- 5.1 min.). These findings suggested that the desirable epinephrine concentration containing in dental local anesthetics may be 1/200,000, judging from the time of a dental practice.