Mogre Victor, Abedandi Robert, Salifu Zenabankara S
Department of Human Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2014 Apr-Jun;8(2):67-71. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2014.04.036. Epub 2014 May 21.
Diabetes Mellitus is now a prevalent disease in both developed and developing countries. Overweight/obesity and hypertension are potential modifiable risk factors for diabetes mellitus and persist during the course of the disease. This study was aimed at reporting the prevalence of overweight/obesity and systemic hypertension and their association to blood glucose levels in persons with diabetes mellitus attending a diabetic clinic in Ghanaian Teaching Hospital.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus patients attending a diabetic clinic at the Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Anthropometric variables of age, weight and height were measured with appropriate instruments, computed into BMI and classified according to WHO classifications. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured by an appropriate instrument and classified by WHO standards. Fasting plasma glucose levels of the study participants were recorded from their personal health folder. All data was analysed by GraphPad prism version 5.
In general, 7.0% of the participants were underweight and 32.0% were overweight or obese. The mean±SD weight, height and BMI of the participants were 67.53±13.32, 1.68±0.12 and 24.18±5.32. Twenty-one percent of the studied participants were hypertensive. Mean±SD fasting plasma glucose of 7.94±2.82 was observed among the diabetic patients. As the prevalence of hyperglycaemia was higher among patients aged ≤40 years (88.9% vs. 75.8%), normoglycaemia (11.1% vs. 24.2%) was higher among those over 40 years. The differences were not significant. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia was significantly higher in participants with overweight/obese (0.0% vs. 41.6%, p<0.0001) than those with underweight (26.1% vs. 1.3%, p=0.0005) and normal weight (73.9% vs. 57.1%, p=0.2228).
A high prevalence of overweight/obesity and systemic hypertension was found. Hyperglycaemia was more prevalent among overweight/obese participants.
糖尿病目前在发达国家和发展中国家都是一种普遍存在的疾病。超重/肥胖和高血压是糖尿病潜在的可改变风险因素，并且在疾病过程中持续存在。本研究旨在报告在加纳教学医院糖尿病诊所就诊的糖尿病患者中超重/肥胖和全身性高血压的患病率及其与血糖水平的关联。
本横断面研究在加纳塔马利教学医院糖尿病诊所的100名先前诊断为糖尿病的患者中进行。使用适当的仪器测量年龄、体重和身高的人体测量变量，计算得出体重指数（BMI）并根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的分类进行分类。使用适当的仪器测量收缩压和舒张压，并根据WHO标准进行分类。从研究参与者的个人健康档案中记录空腹血糖水平。所有数据均使用GraphPad prism 5版本进行分析。
总体而言，7.0%的参与者体重过轻，32.0%的参与者超重或肥胖。参与者的平均±标准差体重、身高和BMI分别为67.53±13.32、1.68±0.12和24.18±5.32。21%的研究参与者患有高血压。糖尿病患者的平均±标准差空腹血糖为7.94±2.82。由于≤40岁患者的高血糖患病率较高（88.9%对75.8%），40岁以上患者的血糖正常率（11.1%对24.2%）较高。差异不显著。超重/肥胖参与者的高血糖患病率显著高于体重过轻的参与者（0.0%对41.6%，p<0.0001）和正常体重的参与者（26.1%对1.3%，p=0.0005）以及正常体重的参与者（73.9%对57.1%，p=0.2228）。
发现超重/肥胖和全身性高血压的患病率较高。超重/肥胖参与者中高血糖更为普遍。
