Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, 50229, Indonesia.
Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, 50275, Indonesia.
F1000Res. 2023 Oct 16;11:1063. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.125549.3. eCollection 2022.
Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), both individually or simultaneously, increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of obesity among diabetic individuals in Indonesia. Data were extracted based on 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar=RISKESDAS). This study involved all individuals with DM and categorized obesity based on body mass index. After data clearing, this study analyzed 3911 DM subjects of the 33.905 subjects acquired from the 2018 RISKESDAS. The study also observed demographic data, diabetes control parameters, history of hypertension, lipid profiles, and food consumption patterns. These variables were involved in a Chi-square test, and related variables were then involved in the Binary logistic regression to define the independent determinants of obesity among DM subjects. Of the 3911 DM subjects included, the study found an obesity prevalence of 32.9%. This study found that female (prevalence odds ratio [POR]=2.15; 95% CI: 1.76-2.62), age 15-44 years (POR=2.46; 95% CI: 1.83-3.33), urban residence (POR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.25-1.77), history of hypertension (POR=1.25; 95% CI: 1.04-1.51), high diastolic blood pressure (POR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.58-2.29), high LDL (POR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.13-1.84), high HDL (POR=0.60; 95% CI: 0.46-0.78, and high triglycerides (POR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.07-1.50) were the risk factor of obesity among DM subjects; while higher education (POR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.53-0.78) and married (POR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.59-0.90) were protective factors of obesity among DM subjects. The study concluded that almost one-third of DM subjects in Indonesia were obese. Female, age, urban residence, education level, history of hypertension, diastolic blood pressure, and lipid profiles were all associated with obesity among DM subjects in Indonesia. These findings suggest that monitoring and controlling of related determinants is needed to prevent complications caused by the doubled burden of diabetes and obesity.
肥胖症和糖尿病（DM）单独或同时存在，会增加发病和死亡风险。本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚糖尿病患者中肥胖症的流行率和决定因素。
数据基于 2018 年印度尼西亚基本健康调查（Riset Kesehatan Dasar=RISKESDAS）提取。本研究纳入了所有 DM 患者，并根据体重指数对肥胖症进行分类。数据清理后，本研究分析了 2018 年 RISKESDAS 中获得的 33905 名受试者中的 3911 名 DM 患者。本研究还观察了人口统计学数据、糖尿病控制参数、高血压史、血脂谱和食物消费模式。这些变量进行了卡方检验，相关变量随后进行二元逻辑回归分析，以确定 DM 患者肥胖的独立决定因素。
在纳入的 3911 名 DM 患者中，研究发现肥胖症的流行率为 32.9%。本研究发现，女性（患病比值比 [POR]=2.15；95%CI：1.76-2.62）、15-44 岁年龄（POR=2.46；95%CI：1.83-3.33）、城市居住（POR=1.49；95%CI：1.25-1.77）、高血压史（POR=1.25；95%CI：1.04-1.51）、舒张压高（POR=1.90；95%CI：1.58-2.29）、低密度脂蛋白高（POR=1.44；95%CI：1.13-1.84）、高密度脂蛋白高（POR=0.60；95%CI：0.46-0.78）和甘油三酯高（POR=1.27；95%CI：1.07-1.50）是 DM 患者肥胖的危险因素；而较高的教育程度（POR=0.64；95%CI：0.53-0.78）和已婚（POR=0.73；95%CI：0.59-0.90）是 DM 患者肥胖的保护因素。
本研究得出结论，印度尼西亚近三分之一的 DM 患者肥胖。女性、年龄、城市居住、教育程度、高血压史、舒张压和血脂谱均与印度尼西亚 DM 患者的肥胖有关。这些发现表明，需要监测和控制相关决定因素，以预防糖尿病和肥胖症双重负担所导致的并发症。
