At the time of this study, Janessa M. Graves was with Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, and the College of Nursing at Washington State University, Spokane. Barry Pless is with Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, and the Injury Prevention Program at the Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC. Lynne Moore is with the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec-Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins Intensifs, Axe Sante des Populations-Pratiques Optimales en Sante, Québec. Avery B. Nathens is with Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, the University of Toronto, and Systems of Trauma Care, Toronto, ON. Garth Hunte is with the Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Frederick P. Rivara is with Seattle Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, and Harborview Injury and Research Center, Seattle.
Am J Public Health. 2014 Aug;104(8):e106-11. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302012. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
We evaluated the effect of North American public bicycle share programs (PBSPs), which typically do not offer helmets with rentals, on the occurrence of bicycle-related head injuries.
We analyzed trauma center data for bicycle-related injuries from 5 cities with PBSPs and 5 comparison cities. We used logistic regression models to compare the odds that admission for a bicycle-related injury would involve a head injury 24 months before PBSP implementation and 12 months afterward.
In PBSP cities, the proportion of head injuries among bicycle-related injuries increased from 42.3% before PBSP implementation to 50.1% after (P < .01). This proportion in comparison cities remained similar before (38.2%) and after (35.9%) implementation (P = .23). Odds ratios for head injury were 1.30 (95% confidence interval = 1.13, 1.67) in PBSP cities and 0.94 (95% confidence interval = 0.79, 1.11) in control cities (adjusted for age and city) when we compared the period after implementation to the period before.
Results suggest that steps should be taken to make helmets available with PBSPs. Helmet availability should be incorporated into PBSP planning and funding, not considered an afterthought following implementation.
我们评估了北美的公共自行车共享计划（PBSP）对自行车相关头部损伤发生的影响，这些计划通常不提供与租赁自行车配套的头盔。
我们分析了 5 个设有 PBSP 的城市和 5 个对照城市的创伤中心自行车相关损伤数据。我们使用逻辑回归模型比较了 PBSP 实施前 24 个月和实施后 12 个月期间，因自行车相关损伤而住院的情况下头部损伤的可能性。
在 PBSP 城市，自行车相关损伤中头部损伤的比例从实施前的 42.3%增加到实施后的 50.1%（P < 0.01）。在对照城市，实施前后（分别为 38.2%和 35.9%）的比例相似（P = 0.23）。在调整年龄和城市因素后，PBSP 城市的头部损伤比值比为 1.30（95%置信区间为 1.13，1.67），对照城市为 0.94（95%置信区间为 0.79，1.11）（与实施前相比，实施后）。
结果表明，应采取措施使头盔在 PBSP 中可用。头盔的供应应纳入 PBSP 规划和资金中，而不是在实施后再考虑。
