Smith Rebekah E, McConnell Rogers Melissa D, McVay Jennifer C, Lopez Joshua A, Loft Shayne
Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
Department of Psychology, Whitworth University, 300 W. Hawthorne Road, Spokane, WA 99251, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 2014 Jul;27:213-30. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.05.003. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Implementation intentions are a self-regulatory strategy broadly studied in the area of social cognition that can improve realization of one's goals and improve performance on prospective memory tasks. Three experiments, using a non-focal task for which the prospective memory targets were specified at the time of intention formation, investigated whether (and how) implementation intentions can improve non-focal prospective memory performance. An improvement in prospective memory performance was accompanied by an increase in the allocation of conscious resources to the prospective memory task, but not by an increase in perceived importance of the prospective memory task. The third experiment also investigated the effects of implementation intentions on recall of the appropriate action and found that accurate action recall was improved by implementation intentions. Finally, the effect of implementation intention instructions on cognitive processes that underlie non-focal prospective memory performance was investigated using a multinomial model.
执行意图是一种在社会认知领域得到广泛研究的自我调节策略，它可以提高个人目标的实现，并改善前瞻记忆任务的表现。三项实验使用了一项非重点任务，该任务的前瞻记忆目标在意图形成时就已明确，研究了执行意图是否（以及如何）能够提高非重点前瞻记忆的表现。前瞻记忆表现的提高伴随着有意识资源向前瞻记忆任务分配的增加，但并非前瞻记忆任务重要性感知的增加。第三个实验还研究了执行意图对适当行动回忆的影响，发现执行意图提高了行动回忆的准确性。最后，使用多项式模型研究了执行意图指令对非重点前瞻记忆表现背后的认知过程的影响。
