Reichle Erik D, Drieghe Denis
School of Psychology, University of Southampton.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2015 Jan;41(1):262-70. doi: 10.1037/a0037090. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
There is an ongoing debate about whether fixation durations during reading are only influenced by the processing difficulty of the words being fixated (i.e., the serial-attention hypothesis) or whether they are also influenced by the processing difficulty of the previous and/or upcoming words (i.e., the attention-gradient hypothesis). This article reports the results of 3 simulations that examine how systematic and random errors in the measurement of fixation locations can generate 2 phenomena that support the attention-gradient hypothesis: parafoveal-on-foveal effects and large spillover effects. These simulations demonstrate how measurement error can produce these effects within the context of a computational model of eye-movement control during reading (E-Z Reader; Reichle, 2011) that instantiates strictly serial allocation of attention, thus demonstrating that these effects do not necessarily provide strong evidence against the serial-attention hypothesis.
关于阅读过程中的注视持续时间是仅受所注视单词的加工难度影响（即序列注意假说），还是也受前一个和/或即将出现的单词的加工难度影响（即注意梯度假说），目前仍存在争论。本文报告了3个模拟实验的结果，这些实验考察了注视位置测量中的系统误差和随机误差如何产生支持注意梯度假说的两种现象：中央窝旁视效应和大的溢出效应。这些模拟实验展示了测量误差如何在阅读过程中眼动控制的计算模型（E-Z Reader；Reichle，2011）背景下产生这些效应，该模型实例化了严格的序列注意分配，从而表明这些效应不一定能提供有力证据来反对序列注意假说。
