Sung Pil Soo, Racanelli Vito, Shin Eui-Cheol
Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon , South Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School , Bari , Italy.
Front Immunol. 2014 Jun 6;5:266. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00266. eCollection 2014.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects approximately 170 million people worldwide and is a major cause of life-threatening liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Acute HCV infection often progresses to chronic persistent infection, although some patients recover spontaneously. The divergent outcomes of acute HCV infection are known to be determined by differences in virus-specific T-cell responses among patients. Of the two major T-cell subsets, CD8(+) T-cells are known to be the key effector cells that control viral infections via cytolytic activity and cytokine secretion. Herein, we review various aspects of HCV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses in acute HCV infection. In particular, we focus on timing of CD8(+) T-cell responses, relationship between CD8(+) T-cell responses and outcomes of acute HCV infection, receptor expression on CD8(+) T-cells, breadth of CD8(+) T-cell responses, and viral mutations.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）在全球约感染1.7亿人，是导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌等危及生命的肝脏疾病的主要原因。急性HCV感染常进展为慢性持续性感染，不过一些患者可自发康复。已知急性HCV感染的不同转归由患者之间病毒特异性T细胞反应的差异所决定。在两个主要的T细胞亚群中，CD8(+) T细胞是通过细胞溶解活性和细胞因子分泌来控制病毒感染的关键效应细胞。在此，我们综述急性HCV感染中HCV特异性CD8(+) T细胞反应的各个方面。特别地，我们关注CD8(+) T细胞反应的时机、CD8(+) T细胞反应与急性HCV感染转归之间的关系、CD8(+) T细胞上的受体表达、CD8(+) T细胞反应的广度以及病毒突变。
