Dahl Unni, Rise Marit By, Kulseng Bård, Steinsbekk Aslak
Central Norway Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway; Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 17;9(6):e100226. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100226. eCollection 2014.
Residential weight-loss programs aim to help persons with obesity lose weight and maintain a long-term healthy lifestyle. Knowledge is needed on the different actors' perceptions and experiences from such programs. The aim of this study was to describe how personnel argued for and perceived a residential weight-loss program, to investigate how the participants experienced the program, and to contrast these perspectives.
This qualitative study took place in an 18-week residential weight-loss program. Exercise, diet, and personal development were the main components in the program. Data was collected through participant observation and individual and focus group interviews with participants and personnel.
Program personnel characterized persons with obesity in specific terms, and these formed the basis of the educational aims, teaching principles, and content of the program. According to personnel, persons with obesity typically had problems acknowledging their own resources, lived unstructured lives, had a distorted relationship to food, experienced a range of social problems and featured a lack of personal insight. Program participants reported enthusiasm about their experiences of exercise and appreciated measures of success with the exercise program. They had, however, very different experiences regarding the usefulness and appropriateness of the parts of the program focused on social and personal development. Some felt that weight loss required an engagement with personal development while others viewed it as unnecessary and inappropriate.
The reliance in personnel accounts on particular characteristics of persons with obesity as a rationale for the program might lead to stigmatizing and stereotyping. Program activities focused on social and personal development need to be better understood by participants if they are to be viewed as helpful. To achieve this personnel must carefully consider how these parts of the program are communicated and conducted.
住院减肥项目旨在帮助肥胖者减轻体重并维持长期健康的生活方式。需要了解不同参与者对这类项目的看法和体验。本研究的目的是描述工作人员如何论证和看待一个住院减肥项目，调查参与者对该项目的体验，并对比这些观点。
这项定性研究在一个为期18周的住院减肥项目中进行。运动、饮食和个人发展是该项目的主要组成部分。通过参与观察以及与参与者和工作人员进行的个人访谈和焦点小组访谈收集数据。
项目工作人员用特定的术语描述肥胖者，这些构成了项目教育目标、教学原则和内容的基础。据工作人员称，肥胖者通常在认识自身资源方面存在问题，生活无规律，与食物的关系扭曲，经历一系列社会问题且缺乏个人洞察力。项目参与者对他们的运动体验表示热情，并赞赏运动项目的成功衡量标准。然而，他们对项目中侧重于社会和个人发展部分的有用性和适宜性有非常不同的体验。一些人认为减肥需要参与个人发展，而另一些人则认为这是不必要和不合适的。
工作人员将肥胖者的特定特征作为项目的依据，这可能导致污名化和刻板印象。如果要让参与者认为项目中侧重于社会和个人发展的活动是有帮助的，就需要让他们更好地理解这些活动。要做到这一点，工作人员必须仔细考虑如何传达和开展项目的这些部分。
