Graf U, Frei H, Kägi A, Katz A J, Würgler F E
Institute of Toxicology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
Mutat Res. 1989 Apr;222(4):359-73. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(89)90112-2.
The Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) was evaluated for its suitability in genotoxicity screening by testing 30 chemicals. Of the 2 crosses used, the mwh-flr3 cross turned out to be more convenient than the previously used mwh-flr cross. Based on the experience gained with both acute exposures and chronic exposures of different duration, we suggest that the optimal strategy in genotoxicity screening is to start with chronic exposure of 3-day-old larvae for 48 h (that is, until pupation). Only for unstable compounds and very volatile compounds and gases are acute treatments, including inhalation, recommended. In general, a qualitative evaluation of the genotoxicity of a compound in the wing assay is possible with as few as 1-2 different exposure concentrations. A more quantitative evaluation of genotoxicity, based upon dose-response data, can often be achieved with as few as 3-4 concentrations. The results reported here were obtained in 2 different laboratories, demonstrating that the wing spot test is easily transferable to other laboratories. The experience gained indicates that the assay has now been developed to an extent that a coordinated international comparative validation study is desirable.
通过对30种化学物质进行测试，评估了果蝇翅膀体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）在遗传毒性筛选中的适用性。在所使用的2个杂交组合中，mwh-flr3杂交组合比之前使用的mwh-flr杂交组合更方便。基于不同持续时间的急性暴露和慢性暴露所获得的经验，我们建议遗传毒性筛选的最佳策略是从对3日龄幼虫进行48小时的慢性暴露开始（即直到化蛹）。仅对于不稳定化合物以及极易挥发的化合物和气体，才建议进行包括吸入在内的急性处理。一般而言，在翅膀试验中，仅用1 - 2种不同的暴露浓度就有可能对化合物的遗传毒性进行定性评估。基于剂量反应数据对遗传毒性进行更定量的评估，通常用3 - 4种浓度即可实现。此处报告的结果是在2个不同实验室获得的，表明翅膀斑点试验很容易转移到其他实验室。所获得的经验表明，该试验目前已发展到需要进行协调的国际比较验证研究的程度。
