Mallon Lena, Broman Jan-Erik, Akerstedt Torbjörn, Hetta Jerker
Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Sleep Disord. 2014;2014:843126. doi: 10.1155/2014/843126. Epub 2014 May 12.
Aims. Estimate the prevalence of insomnia and examine effects of sex, age, health problems, sleep duration, need for treatment, and usage of sleep medication. Methods. A sample of 1,550 subjects aged 18-84 years was selected for a telephone interview. The interview was completed by 1,128 subjects (72.8%). Results. 24.6% reported insomnia symptoms. Insomnia disorder, that is, insomnia symptoms and daytime consequences, was reported by 10.5%. The prevalence was similar among all age groups, with the exception of women aged 40-49 years who demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence, 21.6%. Having at least one physical or psychiatric disorder was reported by 82.8% of subjects with insomnia disorder. Mean sleep duration for subjects with insomnia disorder was 5.77 hours on weeknights and 7.03 hours on days off/weekends. The corresponding figures for subjects without insomnia disorder were 7.04 hours and 7.86 hours, respectively. Among those with insomnia disorder 62.5% expressed a need for treatment, and 20.0% used prescribed sleep medication regularly. Conclusions. Insomnia disorder is highly prevalent in the population. There are significant associations between insomnia disorder and physical and psychiatric disorders. A majority of subjects with insomnia disorder expressed a need for treatment, indicating a public health problem.
目的。估计失眠症的患病率，并研究性别、年龄、健康问题、睡眠时间、治疗需求及睡眠药物使用情况的影响。方法。选取1550名年龄在18 - 84岁的受试者进行电话访谈。1128名受试者（72.8%）完成了访谈。结果。24.6%的受试者报告有失眠症状。10.5%的受试者报告患有失眠症，即存在失眠症状及日间后果。除40 - 49岁女性患病率显著较高（21.6%）外，各年龄组患病率相似。82.8%的失眠症受试者报告至少有一种躯体或精神疾病。失眠症受试者工作日夜间平均睡眠时间为5.77小时，休息日/周末为7.03小时。无失眠症受试者的相应数据分别为7.04小时和7.86小时。在失眠症受试者中，62.5%表示需要治疗，20.0%经常使用处方睡眠药物。结论。失眠症在人群中高度流行。失眠症与躯体和精神疾病之间存在显著关联。大多数失眠症受试者表示需要治疗，这表明存在一个公共卫生问题。
