Belle Janeil, Ysasi Alexandra, Bennett Robert D, Filipovic Nenad, Nejad Mohammad Imani, Trumper David L, Ackermann Maximilian, Wagner Willi, Tsuda Akira, Konerding Moritz A, Mentzer Steven J
Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Serbia.
Microvasc Res. 2014 Sep;95:60-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.06.009. Epub 2014 Jun 28.
Vascular systems grow and remodel in response to not only metabolic needs, but also mechanical influences as well. Here, we investigated the influence of tissue-level mechanical forces on the patterning and structure of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) microcirculation. A dipole stretch field was applied to the CAM using custom computer-controlled servomotors. The topography of the stretch field was mapped using finite element models. After 3days of stretch, Sholl analysis of the CAM demonstrated a 7-fold increase in conducting vessel intersections within the stretch field (p<0.01). The morphometric analysis of intravital microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated that the increase vessel density was a result of an increase in interbranch distance (p<0.01) and a decrease in bifurcation angles (p<0.01); there was no significant increase in conducting vessel number (p>0.05). In contrast, corrosion casting and SEM of the stretch field capillary meshwork demonstrated intense sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis. Both planar surface area (p<0.05) and pillar density (p<0.01) were significantly increased relative to control regions of the CAM. We conclude that a uniaxial stretch field stimulates the axial growth and realignment of conducting vessels as well as intussusceptive and sprouting angiogenesis within the gas exchange capillaries of the ex ovo CAM.
血管系统不仅会根据代谢需求生长和重塑，还会受到机械影响。在此，我们研究了组织水平的机械力对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）微循环模式和结构的影响。使用定制的计算机控制伺服电机对CAM施加偶极拉伸场。利用有限元模型绘制拉伸场的地形。拉伸3天后，对CAM进行的Sholl分析表明，拉伸场内传导血管交叉点增加了7倍（p<0.01）。活体显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像的形态计量分析表明，血管密度增加是分支间距离增加（p<0.01）和分叉角度减小（p<0.01）的结果；传导血管数量没有显著增加（p>0.05）。相比之下，对拉伸场毛细血管网络进行的铸型腐蚀和SEM显示出强烈的发芽和套入式血管生成。相对于CAM的对照区域，平面表面积（p<0.05）和柱密度（p<0.01）均显著增加。我们得出结论，单轴拉伸场刺激了传导血管的轴向生长和重新排列，以及卵外CAM气体交换毛细血管内的套入式和发芽式血管生成。
