Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Tianjin University, Wei Jin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China.
Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China.
Chemosphere. 2014 Sep;111:327-35. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.129. Epub 2014 May 13.
The occurrence and seasonal variability of five groups (tetracycline, quinolone, chloramphenicol, macrolide and sulfonamide) of antibiotics were investigated in the surface water of four reservoirs. The dissolved concentrations of 29 antibiotics were in the ngL(-1) level. Trace levels of all target antibiotics were analyzed using solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. All of the antibiotics were detected at all sampling sites, indicating widespread occurrence of antibiotics in the study area. The detection of florfenicol, josamycin, kitasamycin, spiramycin and sulfameter is the first report of these compounds in reservoir samples. The results showed an association between the presence of some antibiotics at Panjiakou reservoir and cage culture of fish. Twenty-three types of antibiotics showed significant seasonal variations (p<0.001) due to human activities and flow conditions. A risk assessment showed that all antibiotics detected could cause very low risk to algae, daphnid and fish. Further health risk need to be investigated because these reservoirs are drinking water sources.
本研究调查了四个水库表层水中五类抗生素（四环素类、喹诺酮类、氯霉素类、大环内酯类和磺胺类）的出现情况和季节性变化。29 种抗生素的溶解浓度处于纳克/升（ng/L）水平。采用固相萃取和液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法对所有目标抗生素进行痕量分析。所有抗生素在所有采样点均被检出，表明研究区域广泛存在抗生素。氟苯尼考、交沙霉素、吉他霉素、螺旋霉素和磺胺甲噁唑的检测是这些化合物在水库样品中的首次报道。结果表明，潘家口水库某些抗生素的存在与鱼类网箱养殖有关。由于人类活动和水流条件的影响，23 种抗生素表现出显著的季节性变化（p<0.001）。风险评估表明，所有检出的抗生素对藻类、水蚤和鱼类造成的风险均非常低。由于这些水库是饮用水源，需要进一步调查健康风险。
