Young Jacob S, Morshed Ramin A, Kim Julius W, Balyasnikova Irina V, Ahmed Atique U, Lesniak Maciej S
The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine , 5841 South Maryland Ave., M/C 3026, Chicago, IL 60637 , USA.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2014 Nov;11(11):1733-46. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2014.937420. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
A limitation of small molecule inhibitors, nanoparticles (NPs) and therapeutic adenoviruses is their incomplete distribution within the entirety of solid tumors such as malignant gliomas. Currently, cell-based carriers are making their way into the clinical setting as they offer the potential to selectively deliver many types of therapies to cancer cells.
Here, we review the properties of stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and engineered cells that possess the tumor-tropic behavior necessary to serve as cell carriers. We also report on the different types of therapeutic agents that have been delivered to tumors by these cell carriers, including: i) therapeutic genes; ii) oncolytic viruses; iii) NPs; and iv) antibodies. The current challenges and future promises of cell-based drug delivery are also discussed.
While the emergence of stem cell-mediated therapy has resulted in promising preclinical results and a human clinical trial utilizing this approach is currently underway, there is still a need to optimize these delivery platforms. By improving the loading of therapeutic agents into stem cells and enhancing their migratory ability and persistence, significant improvements in targeted cancer therapy may be achieved.
小分子抑制剂、纳米颗粒（NPs）和治疗性腺病毒的一个局限性在于它们在诸如恶性胶质瘤等实体瘤整体中的分布不完全。目前，基于细胞的载体正进入临床应用，因为它们有潜力将多种类型的疗法选择性地递送至癌细胞。
在此，我们综述了干细胞、诱导多能干细胞和工程细胞的特性，这些细胞具有作为细胞载体所需的肿瘤趋向性行为。我们还报告了通过这些细胞载体递送至肿瘤的不同类型治疗剂，包括：i）治疗性基因；ii）溶瘤病毒；iii）纳米颗粒；以及iv）抗体。还讨论了基于细胞的药物递送当前面临的挑战和未来前景。
虽然干细胞介导疗法的出现已产生了有前景的临床前结果，且目前正在进行利用该方法的人体临床试验，但仍需要优化这些递送平台。通过改善治疗剂在干细胞中的负载并增强其迁移能力和持久性，有望在靶向癌症治疗方面取得显著进展。
