Kreutz L C, Pavan T R, Alves A G, Correia A G, Barriquel B, Santos E D dos, Barcellos L J G
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2014 Jun;47(6):499-504. doi: 10.1590/1414-431x20143890.
Fish vaccination has been increasingly exploited as a tool to control pathogen infection. The production of immunoglobulin following vaccination might be affected by several factors such as management procedures, water temperature, and the presence of xenobiotics. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the kinetics of immunoglobulin production in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) inoculated with inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila and kept at two different water temperatures (17.4±0.46 or 21.3±0.36C). The effect of a second antigen inoculation and exposure of fish to sublethal concentrations of the herbicides atrazine and glyphosate at 10% of the lethal concentration (LC50-96h) on specific serum antibodies were also investigated. Antibodies to A. hydrophila were detected as early as 7 days post-inoculation and increased steadily up to 35 days. The kinetics of antibody production were similar in fish kept at 17.4±0.46 and 21.3±0.36C, and reinoculation of antigen at 21 days after priming failed to increase specific antibody levels. Intriguingly, we found that, in fish exposed to atrazine and glyphosate, the secretion of specific antibodies was higher than in non-exposed inoculated fish. These findings are important for the design of vaccines and vaccination strategies in Neotropical fish species. However, because atrazine and glyphosate are widespread contaminants of soil and water, their immune-stimulating effect could be harmful, in that fish living in herbicide-contaminated water might have increased concentrations of nonspecific antibodies that could mediate tissue injury.
鱼类疫苗接种已越来越多地被用作控制病原体感染的一种手段。接种疫苗后免疫球蛋白的产生可能会受到多种因素的影响，如管理程序、水温以及异生物质的存在。在本研究中，我们旨在研究接种灭活嗜水气单胞菌并饲养在两种不同水温（17.4±0.46或21.3±0.36℃）下的淡水鲶鱼（Rhamdia quelen）免疫球蛋白产生的动力学。还研究了第二次抗原接种以及将鱼暴露于致死浓度（LC50 - 96h）10%的除草剂阿特拉津和草甘膦亚致死浓度对特异性血清抗体的影响。接种后最早在7天就检测到了针对嗜水气单胞菌的抗体，并且抗体水平持续稳定上升直至35天。在17.4±0.46℃和21.3±0.36℃饲养的鱼中，抗体产生的动力学相似，并且在初次接种后21天再次接种抗原未能提高特异性抗体水平。有趣的是，我们发现，在暴露于阿特拉津和草甘膦的鱼中，特异性抗体的分泌高于未暴露的接种鱼。这些发现对于新热带鱼类疫苗和疫苗接种策略的设计很重要。然而，由于阿特拉津和草甘膦是土壤和水的广泛污染物，它们的免疫刺激作用可能是有害的，因为生活在受除草剂污染水中的鱼可能会有更高浓度的非特异性抗体，这些抗体可能介导组织损伤。
