识别与运动平行调节视觉皮层状态的脑干回路。
Identification of a brainstem circuit regulating visual cortical state in parallel with locomotion.
机构信息
Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
出版信息
Neuron. 2014 Jul 16;83(2):455-466. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.06.031.
Sensory processing is dependent upon behavioral state. In mice, locomotion is accompanied by changes in cortical state and enhanced visual responses. Although recent studies have begun to elucidate intrinsic cortical mechanisms underlying this effect, the neural circuits that initially couple locomotion to cortical processing are unknown. The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) has been shown to be capable of initiating running and is associated with the ascending reticular activating system. Here, we find that optogenetic stimulation of the MLR in awake, head-fixed mice can induce both locomotion and increases in the gain of cortical responses. MLR stimulation below the threshold for overt movement similarly changed cortical processing, revealing that MLR's effects on cortex are dissociable from locomotion. Likewise, stimulation of MLR projections to the basal forebrain also enhanced cortical responses, suggesting a pathway linking the MLR to cortex. These studies demonstrate that the MLR regulates cortical state in parallel with locomotion.
感觉处理依赖于行为状态。在小鼠中，运动伴随着皮质状态的变化和视觉反应的增强。尽管最近的研究已经开始阐明内在的皮质机制，但最初将运动与皮质处理相耦合的神经回路尚不清楚。中脑运动区（MLR）已被证明能够启动跑步，并且与上行网状激活系统有关。在这里，我们发现，在清醒、头部固定的小鼠中，对 MLR 的光遗传学刺激可以诱导运动和皮质反应增益的增加。低于明显运动阈值的 MLR 刺激同样改变了皮质处理，表明 MLR 对皮质的影响与运动是可分离的。同样，刺激 MLR 向基底前脑的投射也增强了皮质反应，表明 MLR 与皮质之间存在连接通路。这些研究表明，MLR 与运动平行调节皮质状态。
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