Papadopoulou A, Panagiotakos D B, Hatziagorou E, Antonogeorgos G, Matziou V N, Tsanakas J N, Gratziou C, Tsabouri S, Priftis K N
Asthma and Allergy Pediatric Unit, "KAT" General Hospital, Kifisia, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2015 Jul-Aug;43(4):353-60. doi: 10.1016/j.aller.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Aug 3.
Antioxidant intake changes have been implicated with the increase in asthma and allergies outcomes, but no clear association has been revealed. In this cross sectional study, the overall effect of antioxidants on asthma and allergic diseases was studied.
Data from the cohorts of the phase II ISAAC survey (2023 children 9-10 years old) in two metropolitan Greek cities were analysed. Using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, an Antioxidant Eating Index (AEI, range 0-6) was created with the pro-antioxidant (vegetables, fruits, fresh juice, fish) and the non-antioxidant (meat, burgers) food intake and was evaluated with allergic diseases. Higher values of the score suggest closer to an "antioxidant" and lesser to a "saturated fatty" diet.
Prevalence of lifetime and current asthma, current rhinitis and sensitisation were higher in Thessaloniki compared to Athens. The AEI score of the entire cohort was 4.2 ± 1.2 (median 4.0) and was higher in Athens compared to Thessaloniki (4.3 ± 1.2 vs. 4.0 ± 1.2, p=0.001) and in girls than boys (4.3 ± 1.1 vs. 4.0 ± 1.2, p=0.001). AEI was inversely associated with lifetime asthma (OR: 0.87, 95%CI 0.77, 0.99) in either cities independently of other cofounders such as family history, sensitisation, exercise, house smoking, breast feeding, pet or dampness in houses. No association with other allergic disease or sensitisation was detected.
Antioxidant foods seem to be a non-pharmacological, protective dietary pattern for asthma development in children irrespectively of atopy or heredity; AEI was a rough indicator and the role of antioxidants in allergic diseases is still under consideration.
抗氧化剂摄入量的变化与哮喘和过敏症发病率的增加有关，但尚未揭示明确的关联。在这项横断面研究中，研究了抗氧化剂对哮喘和过敏性疾病的总体影响。
分析了希腊两个大城市的II期国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）调查队列（2300名9-10岁儿童）的数据。使用半定量食物频率问卷，根据抗氧化食物（蔬菜、水果、鲜榨果汁、鱼类）和非抗氧化食物（肉类、汉堡）的摄入量创建了抗氧化饮食指数（AEI，范围为0-6），并与过敏性疾病进行评估。得分越高表明饮食越接近“抗氧化剂”饮食，而越远离“饱和脂肪”饮食。
与雅典相比，塞萨洛尼基终生和当前哮喘、当前鼻炎和致敏的患病率更高。整个队列的AEI得分为4.2±1.2（中位数4.0），雅典高于塞萨洛尼基（4.3±1.2对4.0±1.2，p=0.001），女孩高于男孩（4.3±1.1对4.0±1.2，p=0.001）。在两个城市中，AEI与终生哮喘均呈负相关（OR：0.87，95%CI 0.77，0.99），且独立于其他混杂因素，如家族史、致敏、运动、家庭吸烟、母乳喂养、宠物或房屋潮湿情况。未检测到与其他过敏性疾病或致敏的关联。
抗氧化食物似乎是一种非药物性的、对儿童哮喘发展具有保护作用的饮食模式，与特应性或遗传无关；AEI是一个粗略指标，抗氧化剂在过敏性疾病中的作用仍在研究中。
