Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2014 Jul 28;5:785. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00785. eCollection 2014.
Most researchers leverage bottom-up suppression to unlock the underlying mechanisms of unconscious processing. However, a top-down approach - for example via hypnotic suggestion - paves the road to experimental innovation and complementary data that afford new scientific insights concerning attention and the unconscious. Drawing from a reliable taxonomy that differentiates subliminal and preconscious processing, we outline how an experimental trajectory that champions top-down suppression techniques, such as those practiced in hypnosis, is uniquely poised to further contextualize and refine our scientific understanding of unconscious processing. Examining subliminal and preconscious methods, we demonstrate how instrumental hypnosis provides a reliable adjunct that supplements contemporary approaches. Specifically, we provide an integrative synthesis of the advantages and shortcomings that accompany a top-down approach to probe the unconscious mind. Our account provides a larger framework for complementing the results from core studies involving prevailing subliminal and preconscious techniques.
大多数研究人员利用自下而上的抑制来揭示无意识加工的潜在机制。然而,自上而下的方法——例如通过催眠暗示——为实验创新和补充数据铺平了道路,这些数据为注意力和无意识提供了新的科学见解。我们借鉴了一种可靠的分类法,该分类法区分了潜意识和前意识加工,我们概述了一种支持自上而下的抑制技术的实验轨迹,例如在催眠中实践的技术,如何独特地进一步使我们对无意识加工的科学理解具体化和精细化。通过检查潜意识和前意识方法,我们展示了工具性催眠如何提供可靠的辅助手段,补充当代方法。具体来说,我们对自上而下的方法进行了综合分析,探讨了其优势和缺点,以探究潜意识。我们的论述为补充涉及流行的潜意识和前意识技术的核心研究的结果提供了一个更大的框架。