Soli Kevin W, Maure Tobias, Kas Monalisa P, Bande Grace, Bebes Sauli, Luang-Suarkia Dagwin, Siba Peter M, Morita Ayako, Umezaki Masahiro, Greenhill Andrew R, Horwood Paul F
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 60, Goroka EHP441, Papua New Guinea.
Department of Human Ecology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J Infect Dis. 2014 Oct;27:54-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.02.023. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
The aim of this study was to investigate the viral and bacterial causes of acute watery diarrhoea in hospitalized children in Papua New Guinea.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on stool samples collected from 199 children (age <5 years) admitted to the paediatric ward of Goroka General Hospital from August 2009 through November 2010. A large range of viral and bacterial enteric pathogens were targeted using real-time PCR/RT-PCR assays.
Young children were much more likely to be admitted with acute gastroenteritis, with 62.8% of patients aged <1 year and 88.4% aged <2 years. An enteric pathogen was detected in 69.8% (n=138) of patients. The most commonly detected pathogens were Shigella spp (26.6%), rotavirus (25.6%), adenovirus types 40/41 (11.6%), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (11.1%), enteropathogenic E. coli (8.5%), norovirus G2 (6.0%), and Campylobacter spp (4.0%). Norovirus G1, sapovirus, and Salmonella spp were also detected, but below our statistical limit of detection. Vibrio cholerae and astrovirus were not detected in any patients. Mixed infections were detected in 22.1% of patients, with Shigella and rotavirus most commonly detected in co-infections with other pathogens.
This study demonstrates that Shigella and rotavirus are the major pathogens associated with acute paediatric gastroenteritis in this setting.
本研究旨在调查巴布亚新几内亚住院儿童急性水样腹泻的病毒和细菌病因。
对2009年8月至2010年11月期间戈罗卡综合医院儿科病房收治的199名（年龄<5岁）儿童的粪便样本进行回顾性分析。使用实时PCR/RT-PCR检测方法针对多种病毒和细菌肠道病原体进行检测。
幼儿患急性肠胃炎入院的可能性要高得多，<1岁的患者占62.8%，<2岁的患者占88.4%。69.8%（n = 138）的患者检测到肠道病原体。最常检测到的病原体是志贺菌属（26.6%）、轮状病毒（25.6%）、40/41型腺病毒（11.6%）、产肠毒素大肠杆菌（11.1%）、致病性大肠杆菌（8.5%）、诺如病毒G2（6.0%）和弯曲杆菌属（4.0%）。还检测到了诺如病毒G1、札幌病毒和沙门菌属，但低于我们的统计检测限。未在任何患者中检测到霍乱弧菌和星状病毒。22.1%的患者检测到混合感染，志贺菌和轮状病毒在与其他病原体的合并感染中最常被检测到。
本研究表明，在这种情况下，志贺菌和轮状病毒是与急性小儿肠胃炎相关的主要病原体。
