Van Haitsma Kimberly, Abbott Katherine M, Heid Allison R, Carpenter Brian, Curyto Kimberly, Kleban Morton, Eshraghi Karen, Duntzee Christina I, Spector Abby
J Gerontol Nurs. 2014 Oct;40(10):34-46. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20140820-01.
Preferences are the expression of an individual's basic psychosocial needs and are related to care outcomes. The current study tested the consistency of 87 individuals' everyday preferences over 1 week, comparing responses of nursing home residents (n = 37; mean age = 82) and university students (n = 50; mean age = 20). Participants completed the Preferences for Everyday Living Inventory at baseline and 5 to 7 days later. Preference consistency was calculated three ways: (a) correlations (range = 0.11 to 0.90); (b) overall percent of exact agreement (e.g., response was "very important" at both time points) (66.1%); and (c) responses collapsed as "important" or "not important" (increase in percent agreement to 86.6%). Personal care preferences were more stable, whereas leisure activities were less stable. The groups did not have significant differences in consistency. Some preferences are more consistent than others; age and frailty do not appear to be related to preference instability.
偏好是个体基本心理社会需求的体现，且与护理结果相关。本研究测试了87名个体在1周内日常偏好的一致性，比较了养老院居民（n = 37；平均年龄 = 82岁）和大学生（n = 50；平均年龄 = 20岁）的回答。参与者在基线时以及5至7天后完成了《日常生活偏好量表》。偏好一致性通过三种方式计算：（a）相关性（范围 = 0.11至0.90）；（b）完全一致的总体百分比（例如，两个时间点的回答均为“非常重要”）（66.1%）；以及（c）回答归纳为“重要”或“不重要”（一致百分比提高到86.6%）。个人护理偏好更稳定，而休闲活动则较不稳定。两组在一致性方面没有显著差异。一些偏好比其他偏好更一致；年龄和虚弱似乎与偏好不稳定性无关。
