Odhiambo John F, DeJarnette J M, Geary Thomas W, Kennedy Chelsey E, Suarez Susan S, Sutovsky Miriam, Sutovsky Peter
Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
Select Sires Inc., Plain City, Ohio.
Biol Reprod. 2014 Oct;91(4):97. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.121897. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
Aberrant sperm phenotypes coincide with the expression of unique sperm surface determinants that can be probed by objective, biomarker-based semen analysis and targeted as ligands for semen purification. This study evaluated a nanoparticle-based magnetic purification method that removes defective spermatozoa (∼30% of sample) from bull semen and improves sperm sample viability and fertilizing ability in vitro and in vivo. Two types of nanoparticles were developed: a particle coated with antibody against ubiquitin, which is present on the surface of defective spermatozoa, and a particle coated with the lectin peanut agglutinin, which binds to glycans exposed by acrosomal damage. In a 2 yr artificial insemination field trial with 798 cows, a conception rate of 64.5% ± 3.7% was achieved with a 10 × 10(6) sperm dose of peanut agglutinin-nanopurified spermatozoa, comparable to a control nonpurified full dose of 20 × 10(6) spermatozoa per dose (63.3% ± 3.2%) and significantly higher than a 10 × 10(6) sperm dose of nonpurified control semen (53.7% ± 3.2%; P < 0.05). A total of 466 healthy calves were delivered, and no negative side effects were observed in the inseminated animals or offspring. Because the method is inexpensive and can be fully integrated in current protocols for semen cryopreservation, it is feasible for use in the artificial insemination industry to improve fertility with reduced sperm dosage inseminations. Spermatology will benefit from nanopurification methodology by gaining new tools for the identification of candidate biomarkers of sperm quality such as binder of sperm protein 5 (BSP5), described in the present study.
异常精子表型与独特的精子表面决定簇的表达相一致，这些决定簇可通过基于生物标志物的客观精液分析进行检测，并可作为精液纯化的配体。本研究评估了一种基于纳米颗粒的磁性纯化方法，该方法可从公牛精液中去除有缺陷的精子（约占样本的30%），并提高精子样本在体外和体内的活力及受精能力。开发了两种类型的纳米颗粒：一种颗粒包被有针对泛素的抗体，泛素存在于有缺陷精子的表面；另一种颗粒包被有凝集素花生凝集素，它能与顶体损伤暴露的聚糖结合。在一项为期2年的人工授精田间试验中，对798头母牛使用10×10⁶个经花生凝集素纳米纯化的精子剂量，受孕率达到64.5%±3.7%，与每剂量20×10⁶个未纯化的对照全剂量精子（63.3%±3.2%）相当，且显著高于10×10⁶个未纯化对照精液的精子剂量（53.7%±3.2%；P<0.05）。共分娩了466头健康犊牛，在授精动物或后代中未观察到负面副作用。由于该方法成本低廉且可完全整合到当前的精液冷冻保存方案中，因此在人工授精行业中使用它以减少精子剂量授精来提高生育力是可行的。精子学将受益于纳米纯化方法，因为它获得了新的工具来鉴定精子质量的候选生物标志物，如本研究中描述的精子蛋白5结合蛋白（BSP5）。
