MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Sep 19;63(37):805-11.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that all health care personnel (HCP) be vaccinated annually against influenza. Vaccination of HCP can reduce influenza-related morbidity and mortality among both HCP and their patients. To estimate influenza vaccination coverage among HCP during the 2013-14 season, CDC analyzed results of an opt-in Internet panel survey of 1,882 HCP conducted during April 1-16, 2014. Overall, 75.2% of participating HCP reported receiving an influenza vaccination during the 2013-14 season, similar to the 72.0% coverage among participating HCP reported in the 2012-13 season. Coverage was highest among HCP working in hospitals (89.6%) and lowest among HCP working in long-term care (LTC) settings (63.0%). By occupation, coverage was highest among physicians (92.2%), nurses (90.5%), nurse practitioners and physician assistants (89.6%), pharmacists (85.7%), and "other clinical personnel" (87.4%) compared with assistants and aides (57.7%) and nonclinical personnel (e.g., administrators, clerical support workers, janitors, and food service workers) (68.6%). HCP working in settings where vaccination was required had higher coverage (97.8%) compared with HCP working in settings where influenza vaccination was not required but promoted (72.4%) or settings where there was no requirement or promotion of vaccination (47.9%). Among HCP without an employer requirement for vaccination, coverage was higher for HCP working in settings where vaccination was offered on-site at no cost for 1 day (61.6%) or multiple days (80.4%) compared with HCP working in settings not offering free on-site vaccination (49.0%). Comprehensive vaccination strategies that include making vaccine available at no cost at the workplace along with active promotion of vaccination might be needed to increase vaccination coverage among HCP and minimize the risk for influenza to HCP and their patients.
免疫实践咨询委员会建议所有医护人员（HCP）每年接种流感疫苗。医护人员接种疫苗可以降低医护人员及其患者的流感相关发病率和死亡率。为了估计 2013-14 季节 HCP 的流感疫苗接种率，CDC 分析了 2014 年 4 月 1 日至 16 日期间对 1882 名 HCP 进行的在线自愿调查结果。总体而言，75.2%的参与 HCP 报告在 2013-14 季节接种了流感疫苗，与 2012-13 季节参与 HCP 报告的 72.0%接种率相似。在医院工作的 HCP（89.6%）接种率最高，而在长期护理（LTC）环境中工作的 HCP（63.0%）接种率最低。按职业划分，医生（92.2%）、护士（90.5%）、执业护士和医师助理（89.6%）、药剂师（85.7%）和“其他临床人员”（87.4%）的接种率最高，而助手和助手（57.7%）和非临床人员（例如行政人员，文书支持人员，清洁工和餐饮服务人员）（68.6%）。在要求接种疫苗的环境中工作的 HCP 接种率较高（97.8%），而在不要求但提倡接种疫苗的环境中工作的 HCP 接种率（72.4%）或没有要求或提倡接种疫苗的环境中工作的 HCP 接种率（47.9%）。在没有雇主接种疫苗要求的 HCP 中，在提供免费现场接种疫苗的环境中工作的 HCP（61.6%）或提供多日免费现场接种疫苗的环境中工作的 HCP（80.4%）接种率高于在不提供免费现场接种疫苗的环境中工作的 HCP（49.0%）。可能需要综合的疫苗接种策略，包括在工作场所免费提供疫苗，并积极推广疫苗接种，以提高 HCP 的疫苗接种率，并最大程度地降低流感对 HCP 和其患者的风险。
