Hu Quanyin, Katti Prateek S, Gu Zhen
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Nanoscale. 2014 Nov 7;6(21):12273-86. doi: 10.1039/c4nr04249b.
Enzymes underpin physiological function and exhibit dysregulation in many disease-associated microenvironments and aberrant cell processes. Exploiting altered enzyme activity and expression for diagnostics, drug targeting, and drug release is tremendously promising. When combined with booming research in nanobiotechnology, enzyme-responsive nanomaterials used for controlled drug release have achieved significant development and have been studied as an important class of drug delivery strategies in nanomedicine. In this review, we describe enzymes such as proteases, phospholipases and oxidoreductases that serve as delivery triggers. Subsequently, we explore recently developed enzyme-responsive nanomaterials with versatile applications for extracellular and intracellular drug delivery. We conclude by discussing future opportunities and challenges in this area.
酶是生理功能的基础，在许多疾病相关的微环境和异常细胞过程中表现出失调。利用酶活性和表达的改变进行诊断、药物靶向和药物释放具有巨大的前景。当与蓬勃发展的纳米生物技术研究相结合时，用于控制药物释放的酶响应性纳米材料取得了显著进展，并已作为纳米医学中一类重要的药物递送策略进行研究。在这篇综述中，我们描述了作为递送触发因素的蛋白酶、磷脂酶和氧化还原酶等酶。随后，我们探索了最近开发的具有多种细胞外和细胞内药物递送应用的酶响应性纳米材料。我们通过讨论该领域未来的机遇和挑战来结束本文。
