Bessa Lucinda J, Barbosa-Vasconcelos Ana, Mendes Angelo, Vaz-Pires Paulo, Martins da Costa Paulo
CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua do Bragas n. 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal E-mail:
Department of Aquatic Production, ICBAS - Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
J Water Health. 2014 Sep;12(3):426-35. doi: 10.2166/wh.2014.160.
In this study, microbial quality and antimicrobial resistance of faecal bacteria from a Portuguese river were assessed. River water samples collected upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant, throughout a 3-month period, were used for the enumeration of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. The highest numbers found for E. coli and enterococci were 1.1 × 10⁴ and 1.2 × 10⁴ colony forming units (CFU)/100 ml, respectively. In total, 144 isolates of E. coli and 144 of enterococci were recovered and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility; 104 E. coli and 78 Enterococcus spp. showed resistance to one or more antimicrobial drugs. Overall, 70 and 32 different resistance patterns were found for E. coli and enterococci, respectively. One E. coli showed resistance to imipenem and 29 isolates were extended spectrum β-lactamase-producers. Multidrug-resistant E. coli belonged mostly to groups A, B1 and group D. Enterococcus spp. were mostly resistant to rifampicin, tetracycline, azithromycin and erythromycin; six isolates showed resistance to vancomycin, presenting the VanA phenotype. The high levels of E. coli and enterococci and the remarkable variety of antimicrobial resistance profiles, reinforces the theory that these river waters can be a pool of antimicrobial resistance determinants, which can be easily spread among different bacteria and reach other environments and hosts.
在本研究中，对葡萄牙某条河流中粪便细菌的微生物质量和抗菌药物耐药性进行了评估。在3个月的时间里，采集了污水处理厂上游和下游的河水样本，用于对大肠杆菌和肠球菌进行计数。大肠杆菌和肠球菌的最高数量分别为1.1×10⁴和1.2×10⁴菌落形成单位（CFU）/100毫升。总共分离出144株大肠杆菌和144株肠球菌，并对其进行了抗菌药物敏感性测试；104株大肠杆菌和78株肠球菌对一种或多种抗菌药物表现出耐药性。总体而言，大肠杆菌和肠球菌分别发现了70种和32种不同的耐药模式。1株大肠杆菌对亚胺培南耐药，29株分离株为超广谱β-内酰胺酶产生菌。多重耐药大肠杆菌主要属于A组、B1组和D组。肠球菌大多对利福平、四环素、阿奇霉素和红霉素耐药；6株分离株对万古霉素耐药，呈现VanA表型。大肠杆菌和肠球菌的高含量以及显著多样的抗菌药物耐药谱，强化了这样一种理论，即这些河水可能是抗菌药物耐药决定因素的一个库，这些决定因素可以很容易地在不同细菌之间传播，并到达其他环境和宿主。
