López-Segovia M, Pareja-Blanco F, Jiménez-Reyes P, González-Badillo J J
Research Group, Murcia Soccer Federation, Murcia, Spain.
Faculty of Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
Int J Sports Med. 2015 Feb;36(2):130-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1385880. Epub 2014 Sep 26.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between repeated explosive effort sequences (20+20 m shuttle sprint with change of direction, kicking and jumping), metabolic response (lactate and ammonia), and fitness qualities (strength and endurance) in under-19 soccer players. 21 players completed: 1) sprint test: 30 m (T30) and 40 m (20+20 m) shuttle sprints; 2) countermovement jumps (CMJ); 3) maximal kicking; and 4) 9 repeated-explosive effort sequences (RES); 4) a progressive isoinertial loading test in full squat to determine the load which subjects achieved ~1 m · s(-1) (V1-load); 6) Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT-1). Mean sprint time of the 9 repeated sprints (RSA(mean1-9)) showed correlation with V1-load (r=- 0.52 [- 0.79, - 0.25]) metabolic response (lactate, r=0.67 [0.47, 0.87] and ammonia, r=0.53 [0.27, 0.79]). YYIRT-1 correlated with RSA(mean1-9) (r(w)=- 0.78 [- 0.92, - 0.64]) when the body weight was controlled. Furthermore, the 3 first sprints (RSA(mean1-3)) correlated with RSA(best) (r=0.93 [0.88, 0.98]), V1-load (r=- 0.64 [-0.86, - 0.42]), and T30 (r=0.63 [0.41, 0.85]). These results suggest that the soccer player's lower body strength (V1-load, jumping and sprinting) explains a large part of the performance in the first sequences, whereas the aerobic capacity, estimated through YYIRT-1, becomes more important to performance as the number of sprints is increases.
本研究旨在调查19岁以下足球运动员重复爆发性用力序列（20+20米变向穿梭冲刺、踢和跳）、代谢反应（乳酸和氨）以及体能素质（力量和耐力）之间的关系。21名运动员完成了：1）冲刺测试：30米（T30）和40米（20+20米）穿梭冲刺；2）纵跳（CMJ）；3）最大踢球；4）9次重复爆发性用力序列（RES）；4）全蹲渐进等惯性负荷测试，以确定受试者达到约1米·秒（-1）（V1负荷）时的负荷；6）Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试1级（YYIRT-1）。9次重复冲刺的平均冲刺时间（RSA(mean1-9)）与V1负荷（r=-0.52[-0.79，-0.25]）、代谢反应（乳酸，r=0.67[0.47，0.87]和氨，r=0.53[0.27，0.79]）相关。在控制体重时，YYIRT-1与RSA(mean1-9)（r(w)=-0.78[-0.92，-0.64]）相关。此外，前3次冲刺（RSA(mean1-3)）与RSA(best)（r=0.93[0.88，0.98]）、V1负荷（r=-0.64[-0.86，-0.42]）和T30（r=0.63[0.41，0.85]）相关。这些结果表明，足球运动员的下肢力量（V1负荷、跳跃和冲刺）在最初序列的表现中占很大一部分，而通过YYIRT-1评估的有氧能力随着冲刺次数的增加对表现变得更加重要。
