Global Child Health Group, Department of Global Health, Emma Children's Hospital/AMC, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Infect. 2014 Nov;69 Suppl 1:S23-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2014.08.007. Epub 2014 Sep 26.
Anaemia, iron deficiency and infections are three major causes of childhood morbidity and mortality throughout the world, although they predominantly occur in resource limited settings. As the three conditions may have the same underlying aetiologies, they often occur simultaneously and may interact. Being an essential component in erythropoiesis, iron is also essential for proper functioning of the host immune system as well as an essential nutrient for growth of various pathogens, including non-typhoid salmonella. This has resulted in a treatment dilemma in which iron is needed to treat the iron deficient anaemia and improve the immune system of the host (child), but the same treatment may also put the child at an increased, potentially fatal, infection risk.
贫血、缺铁和感染是全世界儿童发病和死亡的三个主要原因，尽管它们主要发生在资源有限的环境中。由于这三种情况可能具有相同的根本病因，因此它们经常同时发生并且可能相互作用。铁是红细胞生成的必需成分，对于宿主免疫系统的正常功能以及各种病原体（包括非伤寒沙门氏菌）的生长也是必需的营养物质。这导致了一个治疗困境，即需要用铁来治疗缺铁性贫血并改善宿主（儿童）的免疫系统，但同样的治疗也可能使儿童面临更高的、潜在致命的感染风险。
