Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA, Iksan 570-080, Korea.
Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.
Plant Pathol J. 2014 Mar;30(1):25-32. doi: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2013.0059.
Fusarium head blight (FHB; scab) caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease of wheat and barley around the world. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grain with trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) which are a major health concern for humans and animals. The objective of this research was to develop an easy seed or seedling inoculation assay, and to compare these assays with whole plant resistance of twenty-nine Korean winter wheat cultivars to FHB. The clip-dipping assay consists of cutting off the coleoptiles apex, dipping the coleoptiles apex in conidial suspension, covering in plastic bag for 3 days, and measuring the lengths of lesions 7 days after inoculation. There were significant cultivar differences after inoculation with F. graminearum in seedling relative to the controls. Correlation coefficients between the lesion lengths of clip-dipping inoculation and FHB Type II resistance from adult plants were significant (r=0.45; P<0.05). Results from two other seedling inoculation methods, spraying and pin-point inoculation, were not correlated with adult FHB resistance. Single linear correlation was not significant between seed germination assays (soaking and soak-dry) and FHB resistance (Type I and Type II), respectively. These results showed that clip-dipping inoculation method using F. graminearum may offer a real possibility of simple, rapid, and reliable for the early screening of FHB resistance in wheat.
镰刀菌顶腐病（FHB；赤霉病）主要由禾谷镰刀菌引起，是世界各地小麦和大麦的毁灭性病害。FHB 会导致产量降低，并使谷物受到脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）等真菌毒素的污染，这些毒素对人类和动物的健康构成重大威胁。本研究的目的是开发一种简便的种子或幼苗接种方法，并将这些方法与 29 个韩国冬小麦品种的整株抗性进行比较。夹剪接种法包括切断胚芽鞘顶端，将胚芽鞘顶端浸入孢子悬浮液中，用塑料袋覆盖 3 天，然后在接种后 7 天测量病斑长度。用禾谷镰刀菌接种幼苗后，与对照相比，品种间存在显著差异。夹剪接种的病斑长度与成株 FHB Ⅱ型抗性之间的相关系数显著（r=0.45；P<0.05）。另外两种幼苗接种方法（喷雾和针刺接种）的结果与成株 FHB 抗性无相关性。种子萌发试验（浸泡和浸泡-干燥）与 FHB 抗性（Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型）之间的单项线性相关性均不显著。这些结果表明，用禾谷镰刀菌进行夹剪接种可能为小麦中早期筛选 FHB 抗性提供一种简单、快速、可靠的方法。
