Litao Melissa Kaori Silva, Kamat Deepak
Pediatr Ann. 2014 Oct;43(10):417-20. doi: 10.3928/00904481-20140924-10.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are markers of inflammatory conditions and have been used extensively by clinicians both in outpatient and inpatient settings. It is important to understand the physiologic principles behind these two tests so clinicians may use them appropriately. For example, fibrinogen (for which ESR is an indirect measure) has a much longer half-life than CRP, making ESR helpful in monitoring chronic inflammatory conditions, whereas CRP is more useful in diagnosis as well as in monitoring responses to therapy in acute inflammatory conditions, such as acute infections. Many factors can result in falsely high or low ESR and CRP levels, and it is important to take note of these. Therefore, if used wisely, ESR and CRP can be complementary to good history taking and physical examination in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory conditions.
红细胞沉降率（ESR）和C反应蛋白（CRP）是炎症状态的标志物，临床医生在门诊和住院环境中都广泛使用。了解这两项检查背后的生理原理很重要，这样临床医生才能正确使用它们。例如，纤维蛋白原（ESR是其间接测量指标）的半衰期比CRP长得多，这使得ESR有助于监测慢性炎症状态，而CRP在急性炎症状态（如急性感染）的诊断以及监测治疗反应方面更有用。许多因素可导致ESR和CRP水平出现假性升高或降低，注意这些因素很重要。因此，如果明智地使用，ESR和CRP在炎症状态的诊断和监测中可以与良好的病史采集和体格检查相辅相成。
