Shechtman Yoav, Sahl Steffen J, Backer Adam S, Moerner W E
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 375 North-South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 375 North-South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA and Institute of Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, 475 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2014 Sep 26;113(13):133902. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.133902.
To extract from an image of a single nanoscale object maximum physical information about its position, we propose and demonstrate a framework for pupil-plane modulation for 3D imaging applications requiring precise localization, including single-particle tracking and superresolution microscopy. The method is based on maximizing the information content of the system, by formulating and solving the appropriate optimization problem--finding the pupil-plane phase pattern that would yield a point spread function (PSF) with optimal Fisher information properties. We use our method to generate and experimentally demonstrate two example PSFs: one optimized for 3D localization precision over a 3 μm depth of field, and another with an unprecedented 5 μm depth of field, both designed to perform under physically common conditions of high background signals.
为了从单个纳米级物体的图像中提取关于其位置的最大物理信息，我们提出并演示了一种用于光瞳平面调制的框架，用于需要精确定位的三维成像应用，包括单粒子跟踪和超分辨率显微镜。该方法基于通过制定和解决适当的优化问题来最大化系统的信息含量，即找到能产生具有最佳费舍尔信息特性的点扩散函数（PSF）的光瞳平面相位图案。我们使用我们的方法生成并通过实验演示了两个示例PSF：一个针对3微米景深的三维定位精度进行了优化，另一个具有前所未有的5微米景深，两者均设计为在高背景信号这种物理上常见的条件下运行。
