Martins Júnior Ronaldo Bragança, Carney Sharon, Goldemberg Daniel, Bonine Lucas, Spano Liliana Cruz, Siqueira Marilda, Checon Rita Elizabeth
Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil.
Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2014 Sep;109(6):716-21. doi: 10.1590/0074-0276140046.
Viruses are the major contributors to the morbidity and mortality of upper and lower acute respiratory infections (ARIs) for all age groups. The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies for a large range of respiratory viruses using a sensitive molecular detection technique in specimens from outpatients of all ages with ARIs. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 162 individuals between August 2007-August 2009. Twenty-three pathogenic respiratory agents, 18 respiratory viruses and five bacteria were investigated using multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF). Through IIF, 33 (20.4%) specimens with respiratory virus were recognised, with influenza virus representing over half of the positive samples. Through a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay, 88 (54.3%) positive samples were detected; the most prevalent respiratory viral pathogens were influenza, human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Six cases of viral co-detection were observed, mainly involving RSV. The use of multiplex real-time RT-PCR increased the viral detection by 33.9% and revealed a larger number of respiratory viruses implicated in ARI cases, including the most recently described respiratory viruses [human bocavirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus, human coronavirus (HCoV) NL63 and HCoV HKU1].
病毒是各年龄组急性上、下呼吸道感染（ARI）发病和死亡的主要原因。本研究的目的是使用灵敏的分子检测技术，确定所有年龄ARI门诊患者标本中多种呼吸道病毒的检出率。于2007年8月至2009年8月间从162名个体采集鼻咽抽吸物。采用多重实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和间接免疫荧光试验（IIF）对23种致病性呼吸道病原体、18种呼吸道病毒和5种细菌进行检测。通过IIF，识别出33份（20.4%）呼吸道病毒标本，其中流感病毒占阳性样本的一半以上。通过多重实时RT-PCR检测，检测到88份（54.3%）阳性样本；最常见的呼吸道病毒病原体是流感病毒、人鼻病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）。观察到6例病毒合并感染病例，主要涉及RSV。多重实时RT-PCR的使用使病毒检测率提高了33.9%，并发现了更多与ARI病例相关的呼吸道病毒，包括最近描述的呼吸道病毒[人博卡病毒、人偏肺病毒、甲型流感（H1N1）pdm09病毒、人冠状病毒（HCoV）NL63和HCoV HKU1]。
