UMR 216, Mother and Child Facing Tropical Diseases, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Cotonou, Bénin ; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2014 Oct 3;20(1):44. doi: 10.1186/1678-9199-20-44. eCollection 2014.
The tremendous outbreak of Ebola virus disease occurring in West Africa since the end of 2013 surprises by its remoteness from previous epidemics and dramatic extent. This review aims to describe the 27 manifestations of Ebola virus that arose after its discovery in 1976. It provides an update on research on the ecology of Ebola viruses, modes of contamination and human transmission of the disease that are mainly linked to close contact with an infected animal or a patient suffering from the disease. The recommendations to contain the epidemic and challenges to achieve it are reminded.
自 2013 年底以来，埃博拉病毒病在西非的大规模爆发令人惊讶，因为它与以往的疫情相隔甚远，且规模巨大。本文旨在描述自 1976 年发现埃博拉病毒以来出现的 27 种埃博拉病毒的表现形式。本文对埃博拉病毒的生态学、污染方式以及疾病在人类之间的传播方式进行了更新，这些主要与密切接触受感染的动物或患有该病的患者有关。本文还提醒了人们要注意控制疫情以及实现这一目标所面临的挑战。
