Sharifi Mohammad Sharif
Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia ; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2013 Summer;4(3):266-70.
The technology of Neural Stimulation in recent years has become the focus of the research and treatment, although it has been around for many years. The potential use of stimulating the brain and nerves ranges from the spinal cord stimulation to the implantations of cochlear and bionic eyes with a large discrepancy between the clinical readiness for these various uses. Electrical high-frequency Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) was developed as an alternative option to treat a few neurological disorders. However, with advancing in surgical procedures, technologies and safeties, the applications of DBS are expanding not only for therapeutic purposes but also for research. Although the exact mechanisms of action/s are not fully understood, the outcome of the ongoing research and clinical trials are promising. DBS has been used to treat the essential tremor since 1997, Parkinson's disease (PD) since 2002 and dystonia since 2003. It has also been used to treat various disorders, including major depression. The therapeutic effect of DBS in PD is well established but for other diseases such as epilepsy the outcomes are unclear and ambiguous. This article is a succinct review of the literature, focusing on PD, epilepsy and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
近年来，神经刺激技术尽管已经存在多年，但已成为研究和治疗的焦点。刺激大脑和神经的潜在用途广泛，从脊髓刺激到人工耳蜗和仿生眼植入，这些不同用途的临床准备程度差异很大。高频电深部脑刺激（DBS）作为治疗一些神经系统疾病的替代选择而被开发出来。然而，随着手术程序、技术和安全性的进步，DBS的应用不仅在治疗方面不断扩展，在研究方面也在不断拓展。尽管其确切作用机制尚未完全明确，但正在进行的研究和临床试验结果很有前景。自1997年以来，DBS已被用于治疗特发性震颤，自2002年以来用于治疗帕金森病（PD），自2003年以来用于治疗肌张力障碍。它还被用于治疗各种疾病，包括重度抑郁症。DBS对PD的治疗效果已得到充分证实，但对于癫痫等其他疾病，其结果尚不清楚且存在争议。本文是一篇文献综述，重点关注PD、癫痫和强迫症（OCD）。
