Javed Fawad, Romanos Georgios E
Eng. A.B.. Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Clin Oral Investig. 2015 Jan;19(1):1-10. doi: 10.1007/s00784-014-1333-z. Epub 2014 Nov 1.
We speculated that the long-term survival of narrow or conventional diameter (<5 mm) implants is higher than that of wide-diameter implants (≥ 5 mm) when placed in posterior atrophic maxillae. The aim of this paper was to systematically review indexed literature regarding the influence of implant diameter on long-term survival of dental implants placed in posterior maxilla.
The addressed focused question was "Does implant diameter influence long-term survival of dental implants placed in posterior maxilla?" Databases were searched from 1986 till June 2014 using the following MeSH terms: "dental implants," "dental implant-abutment design," "maxilla," and "survival." Review articles, case reports, letters to the editor, unpublished data, and studies published in languages other than English were excluded. Reference list of potentially relevant original and review studies was hand-searched.
The initial search yielded 51 studies. Scrutiny of the titles and abstracts reduced the number of clinical studies included in the present review to 19. Mean age of the patients ranged between 37 and 60 years. Cylindrical and tapered implants were used in 12 and 3 studies, respectively. In all studies, threaded, rough-surfaced dental implants with diameters ranging between 3.0 and 5.5 mm were used. In all studies, follow-up periods and cumulative survival rates ranged between 5 and 15 years and 80.5 and 100 %, respectively.
The role of implant diameter on long-term survival of dental implants placed in posterior maxilla is secondary. A well-designed surgical protocol, achievement of sufficient primary stability at the time of implant placement, and pre- and postsurgical oral hygiene maintenance visits are critical factors that influence the long-term survival of dental implants placed in posterior atrophic maxilla.
我们推测，当植入后牙区萎缩的上颌骨时，窄直径或常规直径（<5mm）种植体的长期存留率高于宽直径种植体（≥5mm）。本文旨在系统回顾关于种植体直径对后牙区上颌骨种植体长期存留率影响的索引文献。
所关注的核心问题是“种植体直径是否会影响后牙区上颌骨种植体的长期存留率？” 使用以下医学主题词从1986年至2014年6月对数据库进行检索：“牙种植体”、“牙种植体-基台设计”、“上颌骨”和“存留率”。排除综述文章、病例报告、致编辑信、未发表数据以及非英文发表的研究。对手检潜在相关的原始研究和综述研究的参考文献列表进行检索。
初步检索得到51项研究。通过对标题和摘要的审查，本综述纳入的临床研究数量减少至19项。患者的平均年龄在37至60岁之间。分别有12项和3项研究使用了圆柱形和锥形种植体。在所有研究中，均使用了直径在3.0至5.5mm之间的螺纹、粗糙表面的牙种植体。在所有研究中，随访期和累积存留率分别在5至15年以及80.5%至100%之间。
种植体直径对后牙区上颌骨种植体长期存留率的作用是次要的。精心设计的手术方案、种植体植入时获得足够的初期稳定性以及术前和术后的口腔卫生维护复诊是影响后牙区萎缩上颌骨种植体长期存留率的关键因素。
