Moutsopoulou Karolina, Yang Qing, Desantis Andrea, Waszak Florian
a Université Paris Descartes , Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris , France.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2015;68(9):1744-57. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2014.984232. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
It has been shown that acquired stimulus-response bindings result from at least two types of associations from the stimulus to the task (stimulus-task or stimulus-classification; S-C) and from the stimulus to the motor response (stimulus-response or stimulus-action; S-A). These types of associations have been shown to independently affect behaviour. This finding suggests that they are processed in different pathways or different parts of a pathway at the neural level. Here we test a hypothesis that such associations may be differentially affected by repetition learning and that such effects may be detected by measuring their durability against overwriting. We show that both S-C and S-A associations are in fact strengthened when learning is boosted by increasing repetitions of the primes. However, the results further suggest that associations between stimuli and actions have less durable effects on behaviour and that the durability of S-C and S-A associations is independent of repetition learning. This is an important finding for the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of associative learning and particularly raises the question of which processes may affect flexibility of learning.
研究表明，习得的刺激-反应联结至少源于从刺激到任务的两种类型的关联（刺激-任务或刺激-分类；S-C）以及从刺激到运动反应的关联（刺激-反应或刺激-动作；S-A）。这些类型的关联已被证明会独立影响行为。这一发现表明，它们在神经层面上是在不同的通路或通路的不同部分进行处理的。在此，我们测试一个假设，即此类关联可能会受到重复学习的不同影响，并且这种影响可能通过测量它们抵抗覆盖的耐久性来检测。我们表明，当通过增加启动刺激的重复次数来促进学习时，S-C和S-A关联实际上都会得到加强。然而，结果进一步表明，刺激与动作之间的关联对行为的影响耐久性较差，并且S-C和S-A关联的耐久性与重复学习无关。这对于理解联想学习的潜在机制是一项重要发现，尤其提出了哪些过程可能影响学习灵活性的问题。
