Barros Carolina Lôbo de Almeida, Sousa Ana Luiza Lima, Chinem Brunella Mendonça, Rodrigues Rafaela Bernardes, Jardim Thiago Souza Veiga, Carneiro Sérgio Baiocchi, Souza Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso de, Jardim Paulo César Brandão Veiga
Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2015 Feb;104(2):128-35. doi: 10.5935/abc.20140174. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
Studies have shown sodium restriction to have a beneficial effect on blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive patients.
To evaluate the impact of light salt substitution for regular salt on BP of hypertensive patients.
Uncontrolled hypertensive patients of both sexes, 20 to 65 years-old, on stable doses of antihypertensive drugs were randomized into Intervention Group (IG - receiving light salt) and Control Group (CG - receiving regular salt). Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were analyzed by using casual BP measurements and Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM), and sodium and potassium excretion was assessed on 24-hour urine samples. The patients received 3 g of salt for daily consumption for 4 weeks.
The study evaluated 35 patients (65.7% women), 19 allocated to the IG and 16 to the CG. The mean age was 55.5 ± 7.4 years. Most participants had completed the Brazilian middle school (up to the 8th grade; n = 28; 80.0%), had a family income of up to US$ 600 (n = 17; 48.6%) and practiced regular physical activity (n = 19; 54.3%). Two patients (5.7%) were smokers and 40.0% consumed alcohol regularly (n = 14). The IG showed a significant reduction in both SBP and DBP on the casual measurements and HBPM (p < 0.05) and in sodium excretion (p = 0.016). The CG showed a significant reduction only in casual SBP (p = 0.032).
The light salt substitution for regular salt significantly reduced BP of hypertensive patients.
研究表明，限制钠摄入对高血压患者的血压（BP）有有益影响。
评估用低钠盐替代普通盐对高血压患者血压的影响。
将年龄在20至65岁、服用稳定剂量降压药的未控制高血压患者随机分为干预组（IG - 接受低钠盐）和对照组（CG - 接受普通盐）。通过随机血压测量和家庭血压监测（HBPM）分析收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP），并对24小时尿液样本进行钠和钾排泄评估。患者连续4周每天食用3克盐。
该研究评估了35例患者（65.7%为女性），19例分配至IG组，16例分配至CG组。平均年龄为55.5±7.4岁。大多数参与者完成了巴西中学学业（至八年级；n = 28；80.0%），家庭收入高达600美元（n = 17；48.6%），并定期进行体育锻炼（n = 19；54.3%）。两名患者（5.7%）吸烟，40.0%的患者经常饮酒（n = 14）。IG组在随机测量和HBPM时SBP和DBP均显著降低（p < 0.05），钠排泄也显著降低（p = 0.016）。CG组仅随机SBP显著降低（p = 0.032）。
用低钠盐替代普通盐可显著降低高血压患者的血压。
