Houston Department of Health and Human Services, Houston, Texas.
Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Jan;169(1):86-90. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.2220.
The nutritional quality and cost of lunches brought from home are overlooked and understudied aspects of the school food environment.
To examine the quality and cost of lunches brought from home by elementary and intermediate school students.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: An observational study was conducted in 12 schools (8 elementary and 4 intermediate) in one Houston, Texas, area school district from October 6, 2011, to December 5, 2011. Participants included 242 elementary and 95 intermediate school students who brought lunches from home.
Lunches brought from home.
Foods brought and amounts eaten were recorded along with student grade level and sex. Nutrient and food group content were calculated and compared with current National School Lunch Program (NSLP) guidelines. Per-serving prices for each item were collected from 3 grocery stores in the study area and averaged.
Compared with the NSLP guidelines, lunches brought from home contained more sodium (1110 vs ≤640 mg for elementary and 1003 vs ≤710 mg for intermediate students) and fewer servings of fruits (0.33 cup for elementary and 0.29 cup for intermediate students vs 0.50 cup per the NSLP guidelines), vegetables (0.07 cup for elementary and 0.11 cup for intermediate students vs 0.75 cup per the NSLP guidelines), whole grains (0.22-oz equivalent for elementary and 0.31-oz equivalent for intermediate students vs 0.50-oz minimum per the NLSP guidelines), and fluid milk (0.08 cup for elementary and 0.02 cup for intermediate students vs 1 cup per the NSLP guidelines). About 90% of lunches from home contained desserts, snack chips, and sweetened beverages, which are not permitted in reimbursable school meals. The cost of lunches from home averaged $1.93 for elementary and $1.76 for intermediate students. Students from lower-income intermediate schools brought significantly higher-priced ($1.94) lunches than did students from middle-income schools ($1.63).
Lunches brought from home compared unfavorably with current NSLP guidelines. Strategies are needed to improve the nutritional quality of lunches brought from home.
从家中带来的午餐的营养质量和成本是学校饮食环境中被忽视和研究不足的方面。
检查小学生和中学生从家中带来的午餐的质量和成本。
设计、地点和参与者：在德克萨斯州休斯顿地区的一个学区的 12 所学校（8 所小学和 4 所中学）进行了一项观察性研究，从 2011 年 10 月 6 日至 12 月 5 日。参与者包括 242 名小学生和 95 名中学生，他们从家中带来了午餐。
从家中带来的午餐。
记录了学生带来的食物种类和摄入量，以及学生的年级和性别。计算了营养素和食物组的含量，并与当前的国家学校午餐计划（NSLP）准则进行了比较。从研究区域的 3 家杂货店收集了每种物品的单价，并取平均值。
与 NSLP 准则相比，从家中带来的午餐钠含量更高（小学生 1110 毫克，中学生 1003 毫克，而小学生 640 毫克，中学生 710 毫克），水果摄入量较少（小学生 0.33 杯，中学生 0.29 杯，而 NSLP 准则要求 0.50 杯），蔬菜（小学生 0.07 杯，中学生 0.11 杯，而 NSLP 准则要求 0.75 杯），全谷物（小学生 0.22 盎司当量，中学生 0.31 盎司当量，而 NSLP 准则要求 0.50 盎司最低量），以及液体牛奶（小学生 0.08 杯，中学生 0.02 杯，而 NSLP 准则要求 1 杯）。大约 90%的从家中带来的午餐含有甜点、零食薯片和甜饮料，这些在可报销的学校餐中是不允许的。从家中带来的午餐的平均费用为小学生 1.93 美元，中学生 1.76 美元。来自低收入中学的学生带来的午餐价格明显更高（1.94 美元），而来自中等收入学校的学生则较低（1.63 美元）。
从家中带来的午餐与当前的 NSLP 准则相比表现不佳。需要采取策略来提高从家中带来的午餐的营养质量。
