Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Med Mycol. 2015 Nov;53(8):852-9. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myv032. Epub 2015 Jun 19.
In the last decades, the number of people suffering from dermatophytoses has seriously increased, which may be due to the development of resistant strains to a range of antifungal drugs. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antidermatophytic properties of eight extracts from the selected spices and herbs, which were ethno-medicinally used in Iran against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton interdigitale, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum (10 strain of each). The in vitro antifungal activities of the extracts from four spices and four plants were evaluated by the broth macro dilution method against four dermatophyte strains. In addition, the in vivo therapeutic effects of Myrtus communis L. and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume extracts (the most active extracts) on dermatophytosis induced by M. canis and T. mentagrophytes in guinea pigs were evaluated. Results of in vitro antifungal assay revealed that all the tested extracts demonstrated both fungistatic and fungicidal activities with the geometric mean (GM) MIC ranging from 0.058 to 3.73 mg/ml and GM (MFC) ranging from 0.058 to 7.46 mg/ml, respectively. Two extracts (M. communis and C. zeylanicum) significantly inhibited the growth of all the tested dermatophytes, while other extracts demonstrated weak (MICs of >0.625 mg/ml) to moderate (MICs ranging from 100 to 0.625 mg/ml) activities. In vivo antidermatophytic assay demonstrated that clotrimazole cured T. mentagrophytes and M. canis infection on days 21 and 17, respectively, whereas M. communis and C. zeylanicum extracts significantly (p < 0.05) cured T. mentagrophytes and M. canis infection on days 9 and 13 as well as 9, 11, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenols, and alkaloids in M. communis and alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in C. zeylanicum. Findings of the present study also provided the scientific evidence that natural plants could be used in traditional medicine for the prevention and treatment of dermatophytic infections.
在过去的几十年中，患有皮肤真菌病的人数严重增加，这可能是由于一系列抗真菌药物的耐药菌株的发展。本研究旨在评估从伊朗民族医学中选择的八种香料和草药提取物对亲表皮癣菌、亲表皮癣菌、犬小孢子菌和石膏小孢子菌的抗真菌特性（每种 10 株）。采用肉汤微量稀释法评估四种香料和四种植物提取物对四种亲表皮癣菌的体外抗真菌活性。此外，还评估了桃金娘和肉桂提取物（最有效的提取物）对豚鼠犬小孢子菌和亲表皮癣菌诱导的皮肤真菌病的体内治疗效果。体外抗真菌试验结果表明，所有测试的提取物均表现出抑菌和杀菌活性，几何平均值（GM）MIC 范围为 0.058 至 3.73 mg/ml，GM（MFC）范围为 0.058 至 7.46 mg/ml。两种提取物（桃金娘和肉桂）显著抑制了所有测试的亲表皮癣菌的生长，而其他提取物表现出弱（MIC>0.625 mg/ml）至中度（MIC 范围为 100 至 0.625 mg/ml）活性。体内抗皮肤真菌试验表明，克霉唑分别在第 21 天和第 17 天治愈了亲表皮癣菌和犬小孢子菌感染，而桃金娘和肉桂提取物在第 9 天和第 13 天以及第 9 天和第 11 天显著（p<0.05）治愈了亲表皮癣菌和犬小孢子菌感染。植物化学筛选表明，桃金娘中存在类黄酮、单宁、酚类和生物碱，肉桂中存在生物碱、类黄酮和单宁。本研究的结果还提供了科学证据，表明天然植物可用于传统医学预防和治疗皮肤真菌病。
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